Dr.Gonzalez has just completed a correlational study where he found a strong association between parental expectations and child academic achievement.In other words,children who perform well in school tend to have parents who have high expectations of them.However,Dr.Gonzalez can't tell which variable causes the other.It may be that high expectations cause children to perform better,but it may be that children who perform better in school cause their parents to have higher expectations.This particular problem is known as:

Question

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The problem described is known as the bidirectional causality problem, where it is unclear whether the predictor variable (parental expectations) causes the outcome variable (child academic achievement) or whether the outcome variable causes the predictor variable.

DrGonzalez Has Just Completed a Correlational Study Where He Found