A 46-year-old male presents with severe pain, redness, and tenderness in the right big toe. He was diagnosed with gouty arthritis. He is at risk for developing:

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Gouty arthritis is caused by the deposition of uric acid crystals in the joints, and if left untreated, it can lead to chronic kidney disease and eventually renal failure. It is important to monitor renal function in patients with gout, especially those with recurrent episodes or tophi (deposits of uric acid crystals under the skin). While gout may increase the risk of cholelithiasis (gallstones), myocarditis, and liver failure, these conditions are not directly caused by gout or its treatment.

A 46-Year-Old Male Presents with Severe Pain, Redness, and Tenderness