Question 1

Research conducted on the effectiveness of pulling all-nighters found that students deprived of a night's sleep:

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that sleep deprivation impairs cognitive functions, including critical thinking. Thus, students who are deprived of sleep are likely to perform more poorly on a critical thinking task than those allowed to sleep.

Question 2

When Kelly is interviewing potential nannies to care for her baby after it is born,she might take into consideration the likely amount of sleep the nanny applicants might require.Gladys,the grandmotherly 80-year-old,probably needs ____________ sleep than Courtney,the 19-year-old.

Accepted Answer

As people age, they generally require less sleep, so it is likely that Gladys would need less sleep than Courtney. Therefore, the best choice is D, less.

Question 3

You have studied a fair amount for an important test tomorrow but are considering pulling an all-nighter so that you can really be prepared.According to the research on sleep deprivation,the best thing to do would be to ____________ since students who stay up all night studying have been found to ___________ on cognitive tasks.

Accepted Answer

Research on sleep deprivation shows that lack of sleep negatively affects cognitive performance, including memory, decision-making, and concentration, which are crucial for doing well on tests.

Question 4

The restoration model of sleep asserts that:

Accepted Answer

The restoration model of sleep asserts that the main purpose of sleep is to allow our bodies and minds to recover from fatigue. During sleep, our bodies are able to repair and regenerate damaged tissues, while our minds can process and consolidate information, leading to improved cognitive functioning and memory retention.

Question 5

All of the following statements regarding sleep and the aging process are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Time spent in REM sleep decreases from infancy to early childhood, not increases.

Question 6

It is known that the basal forebrain is involved in the regulation of falling asleep,while the part of the brain that is responsible for signalling other brain areas involved in "turning on" REM sleep is called the ________.

Accepted Answer

The reticular formation is responsible for signalling other brain areas involved in "turning on" REM sleep.

Question 7

If a human is sleeping for an average of about 16 hours a day and approximately half of this sleep time is spent in REM,then this human most likely:

Accepted Answer

Infants require the most sleep out of any age group and spend a proportionally higher amount of time in REM sleep. The average amount of sleep required for an infant is around 14-17 hours a day, while adults only require around 7-9 hours. Therefore, it is most likely that this human is an infant.

Question 8

Joyce is a well-organized student and plans her activities as well as her studying in advance.Joyce knows that she has a history exam next Friday,so she plans to sleep 4 hours on Wednesday night,4 hours on Thursday night,and then to sleep 16 hours on Friday night to make up the missed sleep.Researchers know that Joyce's plan:

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that we can partially make up for lost sleep but not fully. Trying to make up for 12 hours of lost sleep in one night (16 hours minus the 4 hours she plans to get on Wednesday and Thursday) is unlikely to be effective. Additionally, researchers have found that chronic sleep deprivation (even if it is only for a few days) can have negative effects on cognitive performance, including memory and attention, so Joyce's test performance may suffer even if she has rested well on Friday night.

Question 9

The function of sleep is to restore our fatigued bodies and recover from physical and mental weariness,according to the ______________ model.

Accepted Answer

The restoration model proposes that the function of sleep is to repair and restore our body and mind after periods of activity. This model suggests that sleep is necessary for physical and mental recovery, and that a lack of sleep can have negative consequences on overall health and wellbeing.

Question 10

The part of the brain that contains the "REM-sleep On" neurons that signal the other parts of the brain and control different aspects of REM sleep is called the _______________.

Accepted Answer

The reticular formation contains the "REM-sleep On" neurons that signal the other parts of the brain and control different aspects of REM sleep. The hypothalamus is involved in regulating sleep, but not specifically in controlling REM sleep. The basal forebrain is involved in the control of non-REM sleep. The hippocampus is not directly involved in the control of sleep.

Question 11

Which of the following statements regarding sleep is true?

Accepted Answer

Dreams can occur in both REM and non-REM stages of sleep, but REM dreams are typically more vivid and longer in duration.

Question 12

Which of the following statements regarding REM sleep is true?

Accepted Answer

During REM sleep, brain activity and physiological arousal are similar to that of active wakefulness. EEG patterns during REM sleep show a dominance of beta waves, which are similar to those seen during wakefulness. Theta waves are more commonly seen during light sleep and drowsiness. Delta waves are associated with deep sleep, not REM sleep.

Question 13

The area of the brain that is responsible for regulating the process of falling asleep is the:

Accepted Answer

The basal forebrain is responsible for regulating the process of falling asleep. It produces neurotransmitters, such as GABA and adenosine, which help promote sleep. The reticular formation, thalamus, and pons are all involved in the sleep process, but they do not regulate the process of falling asleep as directly as the basal forebrain.

Question 14

Mary marries a much younger man;in fact,Mary is 75 years old,while her new husband,Aaron,is 25 years old.One of the biggest problems they have is getting used to each other's sleep routines.Aaron goes to bed about 11:00 pm each night and gets up just before 7:00 am each morning.This is hard for Mary who,because she is so much older:

Accepted Answer

Older adults often experience changes in their sleep patterns, leading to less sleep than younger adults, not more.

Question 15

The reticular formation contains neurons that:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The reticular formation contains neurons that:
...

Question 16

Compared to a REM dream,a non-REM dream is usually:

Accepted Answer

Non-REM dreams are typically shorter and less story-like compared to REM dreams. Non-REM dreams tend to be brief snippets of thought or sensation, while REM dreams are more vivid and longer-lasting, often featuring a clear beginning, middle, and end.

Question 17

A study (Pilcher & Huffcutt,1996)was conducted to examine the impact of various types of sleep deprivation on mood and performance.The results of this study revealed that:

Accepted Answer

The study revealed that both partial and total sleep-deprived participants experienced strong negative effects on mood and performance.

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding sleep is true?

Accepted Answer

As we age, we spend less time in stages 3 and 4 of sleep, which are the deepest stages of non-REM sleep. The amount of time spent in REM sleep tends to remain relatively stable throughout adulthood, accounting for about 20-25% of total sleep time. Infants spend the majority of their sleep time in REM sleep, but this decreases as they age. While elderly adults may experience changes in sleep patterns, they tend to sleep for longer periods overall compared to young adults.

Question 19

In the study conducted by June Pilcher and Allen Huffcutt (1996),sleep deprivation had the strongest negative effect on which of the following areas?

Accepted Answer

The study by Pilcher and Huffcutt (1996) found that sleep deprivation had the strongest negative effect on mood compared to other areas like physical performance, cognitive performance, and sense of balance.

Question 20

Research comparing young adults to elderly adults has found that as people get older,they:

Accepted Answer

Research has found that as people age, they tend to experience a decrease in overall sleep time and a decrease in the amount of time spent in deep, restorative stages of sleep (such as stages 3 and 4). This can lead to feelings of sleepiness or fatigue during the day.

Quiz 6: States of Consciousness

Research conducted on the effectiveness of pulling all-nighters found that students deprived of a night's sleep:

When Kelly is interviewing potential nannies to care for her baby after it is born,she might take into consideration the likely amount of sleep the nanny applicants might require.Gladys,the grandmotherly 80-year-old,probably needs ____________ sleep than Courtney,the 19-year-old.

The restoration model of sleep asserts that:

All of the following statements regarding sleep and the aging process are true EXCEPT:

It is known that the basal forebrain is involved in the regulation of falling asleep,while the part of the brain that is responsible for signalling other brain areas involved in "turning on" REM sleep is called the ________.

If a human is sleeping for an average of about 16 hours a day and approximately half of this sleep time is spent in REM,then this human most likely:

The function of sleep is to restore our fatigued bodies and recover from physical and mental weariness,according to the ______________ model.

The part of the brain that contains the "REM-sleep On" neurons that signal the other parts of the brain and control different aspects of REM sleep is called the _______________.

Which of the following statements regarding sleep is true?

Which of the following statements regarding REM sleep is true?

The area of the brain that is responsible for regulating the process of falling asleep is the:

The reticular formation contains neurons that:

Compared to a REM dream,a non-REM dream is usually:

A study (Pilcher & Huffcutt,1996) was conducted to examine the impact of various types of sleep deprivation on mood and performance.The results of this study revealed that:

Which of the following statements regarding sleep is true?

In the study conducted by June Pilcher and Allen Huffcutt (1996) ,sleep deprivation had the strongest negative effect on which of the following areas?

Research comparing young adults to elderly adults has found that as people get older,they: