Question 1

According to the text,occasionally fantasizing during sexual intercourse:

Accepted Answer

The text states that fantasizing during sexual intercourse is "relatively common for most sexually active people." It is not necessarily a symptom of sexual dysfunction, a sign of dissatisfaction with one's partner, or only done by those with a lack of interest in sex.

Question 2

The refractory period,during which males are temporarily unable to have another orgasm,occurs during the _________ phase of the sexual response cycle.

Accepted Answer

During the resolution phase of the sexual response cycle, the male experiences a refractory period during which they are temporarily unable to have another orgasm. This phase is characterized by a decrease in sexual arousal and a return to baseline physiological functioning.

Question 3

Over the last 40 years,one of the major trends that has been observed with regard to sexuality is that premarital sex has become more common in a number of countries.Recent data suggest that this trend may be ______________.

Accepted Answer

The question suggests that premarital sex has become more common over the last 40 years. Recent data suggest that this trend may be levelling off or reversing, which indicates that premarital sex may not be increasing as rapidly as it has in the past. Therefore, the best choice is B: levelling off or reversing.

Question 4

Physiological arousal builds rapidly and blood flow increases to the organs in and around the genitals in a process called vasocongestion during the __________ phase of the sexual response cycle.

Accepted Answer

Physiological arousal and vasocongestion occur during the excitement phase of the sexual response cycle. During this phase, the body becomes physically aroused in response to sexual stimuli, leading to increased blood flow to the genital area. The plateau phase follows excitement and is characterized by a high level of arousal that is maintained for a period of time. The stimulation phase refers to the point at which sexual arousal begins, and the resolution phase occurs after orgasm and is characterized by a decrease in arousal and a return to a normal state.

Question 5

Which of the following was discussed as one of the psychological factors than can increase sexual arousal?

Accepted Answer

Sexual fantasy is a psychological factor that can increase sexual arousal by stimulating the mind and enhancing sexual excitement.

Question 6

If there is an absence of sufficient androgen activity during development,an embryo will:

Accepted Answer

Androgens are responsible for male development, so an absence of sufficient androgen activity during development would cause the embryo to develop female organs, brain, and reproductive systems. Option A is incorrect as male development requires androgens. Option B is incorrect as lower levels of estrogen are not a direct consequence of absence of androgen activity. Option D is incorrect as there is no mechanism for the release of extra estrogen to compensate for the absence of androgen activity.

Question 7

In the usual development of the male embryo,the typical male pattern of genital,brain,and reproductive development occurs as a function of _________________ activity.

Accepted Answer

The typical male pattern of genital, brain, and reproductive development occurs as a function of sufficient androgen activity. Androgens, such as testosterone, are responsible for male sexual differentiation during embryonic development. Without sufficient androgen activity, the embryo will develop along the female pattern of development.

Question 8

In general,both males and females experience the sexual response cycle in similar ways EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Males experience a refractory period, which is a period of time after ejaculation where they cannot have another orgasm. Females do not have a refractory period and can have multiple orgasms without a break. Both males and females go through the four stages of the sexual response cycle: excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution.

Question 9

During the plateau phase of the sexual response cycle:

Accepted Answer

During the plateau phase, the physiological arousal initiated in the previous phase (excitement phase) continues to build, but does not increase as rapidly as it did during the excitement phase. This phase is characterized by a sustained level of physical and psychological arousal.

Question 10

The fact that both men and women rate watching their partner undress as very appealing was discussed in the text as an example of how _______________ can affect sexual arousal.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The fact that both men and women...

Question 11

Actions taken to release the tension created by aggressive and sexual impulses serve to temporarily return people to a more balanced state.This is the concept of _____________.

Accepted Answer

Catharsis is the concept of releasing tension or emotions, often through art or other forms of expression, in order to achieve a more balanced state. This concept has been applied to the release of aggressive and sexual impulses as a way of temporarily relieving tension and restoring equilibrium. Regression refers to reverting to an earlier stage of development, functional discharge refers to the release of tension through behavior, and adaptive significance refers to the evolutionary advantage of particular behaviors. While these concepts may be related in some ways to tension release, only catharsis specifically refers to the release of emotional tension as a means of achieving balance.

Question 12

Researcher Heiman (1975)found that both women and men were aroused by listening to tape-recorded erotic stories.She also found that the strongest arousal occurred when the stories focused on _________.

Accepted Answer

Researcher Heiman found that the strongest arousal occurred when the stories focused on an assertive female character.

Question 13

In humans,normal short-term hormonal fluctuations have ____________ effect on sexual arousability.

Accepted Answer

Normal short-term hormonal fluctuations, such as those during menstrual cycles, do not have a significant effect on sexual arousability in humans. While there may be some variation in sexual desire or responsiveness, these fluctuations are not suppressive or elevating enough to qualify as A or B, nor are they consistently cyclic enough to qualify as C. Therefore, the best choice is D, relatively little effect.

Question 14

A man who has difficulty maintaining an erection or a woman who has difficulty lubricating or becoming aroused may have what is called a sexual dysfunction,which is caused _______________.

Accepted Answer

Sexual dysfunction can be caused by a combination of biological, environmental, and psychological factors such as hormonal imbalances, medication side effects, relationship problems, and stress. It is not exclusively caused by any single factor listed in the other answer options.

Question 15

The way that cultural factors can have an impact on sexual behaviour was made most clear in which of the following examples?

Accepted Answer

The example of Inis Beag illustrates how cultural factors can heavily influence sexual behavior. The people on this small island off the coast of Ireland had strict sexual codes and few sexual activities beyond procreation were permitted. This shows how cultural norms and beliefs can shape individuals' attitudes and actions towards sex. The other options do not specifically address cultural factors in relation to sexual behaviors.

Question 16

Which of the following lists the four phases of sexual response,in correct order?

Accepted Answer

The correct order of the four phases of sexual response is excitement, plateau, orgasm, and resolution. Option A has the correct order but includes orgasm before plateau, which is incorrect. Option B has the correct order of excitement and orgasm but incorrectly lists plateau before resolution. Option D has the incorrect order of phases, with plateau listed first, followed by excitement, resolution, and orgasm.

Question 17

In Masters and Johnson's sexual response cycle,the onset of vasocongestion occurs in the:

Accepted Answer

The excitement phase is the first phase in the sexual response cycle, which is characterized by an increase in physiological arousal, including vasocongestion (an increase in blood flow to the genitals).

Question 18

A psychologist argues that pornographic materials often model inaccurate and potentially damaging "rape myths," such as the incorrect assumption that women enjoy being dominated and coerced into sex.This psychologist's assumptions are most consistent with the views of:

Accepted Answer

The psychologist's argument about the potential harmful effects of pornography on attitudes towards women and sex is most consistent with social learning theory, which emphasizes the importance of modeling and observation in influencing behavior and attitudes. This is in contrast to humanistic psychology, which focuses on subjective experiences and individual potential, psychoanalysis which emphasizes the role of unconscious processes in behavior, and evolutionary psychology which emphasizes the adaptive function of behavior and psychology.

Question 19

According to the results of a study conducted by Edward Laumann et al.(1994),about 50 percent of men and about _________ of women fantasize about sex at least once a day.

Accepted Answer

Edward Laumann et al.'s study found that about 50 percent of men and about 20 percent of women fantasize about sex at least once a day.

Question 20

With regard to the activational effects of sex hormones in men and women,it has been found that:

Accepted Answer

Androgens (such as testosterone) serve to sexually excite both men and women through their activational effects. While estrogen also plays a role in sexual arousal for women, it is not the primary hormone responsible for sexual excitation.

Quiz 11: Motivation and Emotion