Question 1

The tendency to think that human beings have nothing in common with other animals is called anthropomorphism.

Accepted Answer

Anthropomorphism is actually the tendency to project human traits, emotions, or intentions onto animals, objects, or natural phenomena. The opposite tendency, thinking that animals have nothing in common with humans, is called anthropocentrism.

Question 2

A person who is low in emotional intelligence is likely to misread the nonverbal signals of others.

Accepted Answer

Emotional intelligence involves the ability to understand and manage one's own emotions as well as recognize and interpret the emotions of others. A person with low emotional intelligence may struggle to accurately read nonverbal signals, such as facial expressions or body language, which can lead to misunderstandings or a lack of empathy.

Question 3

Research conducted with rhesus monkeys suggests that monkeys have a rudimentary sense of number.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that rhesus monkeys can distinguish between different numbers of objects and even perform basic addition and subtraction tasks with small numbers. This suggests that they have at least a basic sense of number.

Question 4

Asian parents,teachers,and children are far more likely than their North American counterparts to believe that mathematical ability is innate.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Asian parents,teachers,and children are far more likely...

Question 5

The broadening of the notion of intelligence through Gardner's theory has been useful because it has led to a focus on teaching children practical strategies for improving their abilities.

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences recognizes that intelligence is not just limited to traditional academic abilities, but can include skills such as interpersonal communication and spatial reasoning. By broadening the definition of intelligence, it has led to educators focusing on teaching children practical strategies for improving their abilities in a variety of areas beyond just academic subjects.

Question 6

The broadening of the notion of intelligence through Gardner's theory has been useful because it has led to more critical thinking about what we mean by intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences recognizes that there are different types of intelligence beyond traditional measures like IQ. This has led to broader discussions and critical thinking about what we consider intelligence, which has been useful in fields such as education and psychology.

Question 7

As a participant in a psychology experiment,Meredith is asked to rotate an image in her imagination.What aspect of psychology are the researchers studying? Based on Chapter 9,will Meredith be able to complete this task successfully?

Accepted Answer

The answer of As a participant in a psychology experiment,Meredith...

Question 8

Cognitive ethology is the study of cognitive processes in nonhuman animals.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive ethology is a real field of study that explores the mental abilities and processes of animals.

Question 9

Tacit knowledge about how to be a good student predicts academic success in college as well as entrance exams do.

Accepted Answer

Tacit knowledge, which includes behaviors such as time management, study habits, and self-discipline, has been found to be a strong predictor of academic success in college, even more so than standardized entrance exams.

Question 10

Have you ever thought about what thinking itself has allowed you to do? Name three human capabilities that are possible because we can think!

Accepted Answer

The answer of Have you ever thought about what thinking...

Question 11

Tacit knowledge refers to the knowledge of one's own cognitive processes and how they can be used effectively.

Accepted Answer

Tacit knowledge refers to the knowledge that is difficult to transfer to another person by writing it down or verbalizing it. It is personal, context-specific, and deeply rooted in individual experiences, rather than an understanding of one's own cognitive processes.

Question 12

If the human mind can be likened to a computer,then the visual images could be likened to the images that appear on the screen of the computer.What results have been found that would support this analogy?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If the human mind can be likened...

Question 13

Standardized IQ tests predict school performance fairly well.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that standardized IQ tests have a moderate correlation with school performance, particularly in areas such as language and math skills. However, it is important to note that IQ tests are only one factor among many that can affect academic outcomes.

Question 14

Tacit knowledge refers to strategies for success that are not explicitly taught but instead must be inferred.

Accepted Answer

Tacit knowledge is knowledge that is difficult to transfer to another person through writing or verbal communication. It includes things like intuition, experience, and judgment that are gained through practice and observation. These strategies for success are not explicitly taught but must be inferred or learned through practice and experience.

Question 15

In studies of business managers and salespeople,tacit knowledge is a strong predictor of effectiveness on the job.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that tacit knowledge, or the knowledge that is difficult to articulate or transfer to others, is a strong predictor of effectiveness on the job for business managers and salespeople.

Question 16

The broadening of the notion of intelligence through Gardner's theory has been useful because it has clarified the difference between domains of intelligence and talents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The broadening of the notion of intelligence...

Question 17

The broadening of the notion of intelligence through Gardner's theory has been useful because it has forced psychologists to go beyond "g."

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences challenged the traditional notion of intelligence based solely on cognitive abilities measured by IQ tests. It broadened the definition of intelligence to include other aspects such as musical, kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal abilities. This has encouraged psychologists to explore and study other forms of intelligence beyond the traditional measure of "g," which has led to a more comprehensive understanding of human abilities and potential.

Question 18

Differences between Asian and North American children in regard to a broad battery of mathematics tests can be accounted for by educational resources.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Differences between Asian and North American children...

Question 19

In early studies,researchers teaching language to primates unwittingly gave nonverbal cues that might have enabled the apes to respond correctly.

Accepted Answer

Early studies on teaching language to primates, such as the famous case of Washoe the chimpanzee, have been criticized for not controlling for researcher bias and unintentional cuing of the primates.

Question 20

Explanations of animal behaviour that rely solely on instinct would have difficulty interpreting the fact that mother chimpanzees show their young how to use stone tools to open nuts.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explanations of animal behaviour that rely solely...

Quiz 9: Thinking and Intelligence