Question 1

The authors point out that learning theory includes theorists from two different perspectives: behaviourists and social-cognitive learning theorists.Compare these two perspectives.

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Question 2

As women began to enter psychology in greater numbers in the early 1970s,they began to document evidence of a pervasive bias in the research methods that were being used.Describe the biases that these feminist psychologists documented.

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Question 3

Discuss the reasons why humanism developed in the 1960s.

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Question 4

Clinical psychologists and psychiatrists do similar work but their training differs and they tend to focus on different causes of mental disorders.Contrast the training and approach to therapy of clinical psychologists and psychiatrists.

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Question 5

What is the focus of "positive psychology"?

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Question 6

In 1939,the Canadian Psychological Association (CPA)was formed.What was its main focus and what is its current mandate?

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Question 7

One of your classmates finds the "Synchro-Energizer" for sale on the Internet.She is determined to buy it to so that she can get A's in all her classes.Explain to her the difference between pseudoscience and scientific approaches to exploring human brain functioning.

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Question 8

Throughout psychology's history,various movements have emerged that do not fit neatly into any of the major perspectives.Name and briefly describe two of these influential movements in psychology.

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Question 9

The professional activities of psychologists fall into three broad categories.Describe and give examples of each of these three types of professional activities.

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Question 10

According to our textbook,psychodynamic psychology is the "thumb on the hand of psychology,connected to the other fingers,but also set apart from them." Briefly explain the characteristics of psychodynamic psychology that set it apart from the other perspectives.

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Question 11

Vincent Ruggiero observed that "The trigger mechanism for creative thinking is the disposition to be curious,to wonder,to inquire." Describe your reaction to this comment and then describe three questions that you have been curious about in regard to human nature.

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Question 12

Alexandra and Holly both plan to become clinical psychologists although Alexandra is applying to graduate schools to pursue a PhD and Holly plans to earn a PsyD.What different experiences and requirements is each likely to encounter in earning her graduate degree?

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Question 13

How common is it for school children to be bullied? Before you can answer this question you have to look at the question from the viewpoint of a critical thinker.Describe the various ways that this question could be answered once the question is framed in clear and concrete terms.

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Question 14

What is the difference between basic research and applied research?

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Question 15

The authors point out that people may be a little "fuzzy" about psychological careers because psychologists contribute to their communities in so many different ways.Describe three ways that psychologists make these contributions (other than psychotherapy).

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Question 16

One common form of oversimplification is "argument by anecdote." Explain this type of critical-thinking error.Create your own example of an argument by anecdote.

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Question 17

What is the goal of humanist psychology?

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Question 18

In recent decades,the public's appetite for quackery covered by a veneer of psychological language has grown.Describe two examples of this "pop psychology" and then analyze the difference between psychology and pseudoscience.

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Question 19

Tara cannot believe what she reads about anger in self-help magazines,which suggest that sometimes expressing anger is beneficial,but more often it is not.Tara finds this difficult to accept because she has been told over and over that it is healthy to vent her anger.Based on your reading of Chapter 2,design a research study that Tara could conduct in order to examine this issue.

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Question 20

Sociocultural psychologists use an interesting metaphor in regard to humans and culture.They describe people as similar to fish! Fish are unaware that they live in water,so obvious is water in their lives.Explain why sociocultural psychologists use this metaphor.

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Quiz 1: What Is Psychology