Question 1

Systemic blood vessels transport blood

Accepted Answer

Systemic blood vessels transport oxygenated blood from the left ventricle through the body and return deoxygenated blood to the right atrium.

Question 2

What is the order of the blood vessels that a red blood cell would pass through as the blood leaves the heart,travels to a tissue,and then returns to the heart?

Accepted Answer

The blood leaves the heart through an artery (such as the aorta), which branches into smaller arteries, then arterioles, and finally into capillaries where gas exchange and nutrient exchange occurs in the tissues. From the capillary beds, blood flows into venules, then into larger veins, and finally back to the heart. Therefore, the correct order is artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein. Choice C is the only option that lists this order correctly.

Question 3

The lining of a capillary is called the

Accepted Answer

The lining of a capillary is composed of a single layer of cells called the endothelium.

Question 4

Which function does the circulatory system share with the heart?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which function does the circulatory system share...

Question 5

Which of the following organs would be most likely to contain fenestrated capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Fenestrated capillaries are capillaries with pores (fenestrations) in their walls, which allow for increased exchange of materials between the blood and surrounding tissues. These capillaries are most commonly found in organs where there is a high level of filtration or secretion, such as the kidneys, where they facilitate the exchange of solutes and waste products between blood and urine. The other organs listed (spleen, bone marrow, muscle, and pancreas) may have specialized capillaries, but they are not typically fenestrated.

Question 6

A direct connection between an arteriole and a venule without an intervening capillary bed is a(an)

Accepted Answer

An arteriovenous anastomosis is a direct connection between an arteriole and a venule without an intervening capillary bed. This pathway allows for the rapid shunting of blood and plays a role in thermoregulation. Venous sinuses are wide and thin-walled veins found in some organs. Metarterioles are short vessels that connect arterioles to capillaries. Arterial capillaries are not a recognized anatomical structure.

Question 7

Continuous capillaries

Accepted Answer

Continuous capillaries have a wall where the endothelial cells fit very tightly together, making them less permeable than fenestrated capillaries or sinusoidal capillaries. They do not have pores or fenestrae, and they are not freely permeable to large molecules such as hormones.

Question 8

Which kind of vessel provides a bypass for a capillary bed?

Accepted Answer

A thoroughfare channel provides a direct route from an arteriole to a venule, bypassing the capillary bed.

Question 9

Which statement about precapillary sphincters is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Precapillary sphincters are circular smooth muscle fibers that are located at the entrance of capillaries from arterioles. They can contract or relax to regulate blood flow into the capillaries. When the precapillary sphincters contract, they can close off or reduce blood flow into certain capillary beds to redirect blood to other areas. This process is called vasomotion. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choices A, C, D, and E are incorrect because they either do not accurately describe the function of precapillary sphincters or provide inaccurate information.

Question 10

Which statement is CORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Veins contain valves to prevent the backflow of blood, while arteries do not.

Question 11

Precapillary sphincters

Accepted Answer

Precapillary sphincters are located at the entrance to capillary beds and regulate blood flow into them by constricting or dilating, thus altering the diameter of the arteriole that feeds them. They do not serve as veins valves or carry blood under high pressure, nor are they voluntary structures.

Question 12

Which type of capillary has the largest diameter?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of capillary has the largest...

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a pericapillary cell found in capillaries?

Accepted Answer

Neurons are not pericapillary cells found in capillaries. Macrophages, undifferentiated smooth muscle cells, and fibroblasts are all pericapillary cells found in capillaries.

Question 14

In a capillary bed,relaxation of the precapillary sphincter

Accepted Answer

Relaxation of the precapillary sphincter allows more blood to flow into the capillaries, which typically occurs in response to the tissue's increased need for oxygen. This process is part of the body's mechanism to ensure that tissues receive adequate oxygen and nutrients when their metabolic activity increases.

Question 15

Capillary walls serve as effective permeability barriers for

Accepted Answer

Capillary walls are not permeable to large molecules, such as proteins. They are permeable to small water-soluble molecules, such as glucose, and gases like oxygen and carbon dioxide. However, they serve as effective barriers to prevent the leakage of larger molecules like proteins.

Question 16

The exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells is the primary function of

Accepted Answer

Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels in the body and are responsible for the exchange of nutrients and gases between the blood and tissue cells. They have thin walls that allow for diffusion of these molecules between the bloodstream and surrounding tissues. Veins, arteries, arterioles, and venules all play important roles in the circulatory system but are not primarily responsible for nutrient and gas exchange.

Question 17

What structure helps to regulate body temperature?

Accepted Answer

Glomus bodies are specialized structures found in the skin that play a key role in regulating body temperature through the process of thermoregulation.

Question 18

Which type of capillaries have large fenestrae and are found in endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of capillaries have large fenestrae...

Question 19

Blood is moved through the vascular system by

Accepted Answer

Blood is moved through the vascular system by pressure gradients created by the heart, specifically through the contraction of the ventricles that generate a pressure wave that travels through the arteries, pushing blood through the system. The valves in the wall of blood vessels help to prevent backflow of blood, but do not actively move blood forward. Peristalsis caused by smooth muscle is seen in the digestive system, not the circulatory system. Osmotic pressure is involved in fluid exchange between the blood and interstitial fluid, but not in actively moving blood through the system. Viscosity of the blood can affect blood flow, but it is not the primary mechanism for moving blood through the system.

Question 20

Which of the following enhances the exchange between capillary walls and the interstitial spaces?

Accepted Answer

The thinness of the capillary wall enhances the exchange between capillary walls and the interstitial spaces by allowing for easier diffusion of substances through the wall.

Quiz 21: Cardiovascular System: Blood Vessels and Circulation