Which of the Following Problems Would Indicate That Managers Had

Which of the following problems would indicate that managers had not applied the basic concepts of expectancy theory?

A) Workers are frustrated because they have no say in their organization's goals and objectives.
B) Some of the organization's workers reduce their effort because they feel that they are being treated unfairly compared to other workers.
C) Workers are unwilling to work toward achieving an important goal because they believe the reward they will receive is not sufficient to justify the effort.
D) Workers are confused and frustrated because managers do not provide them with adequate feedback about their job performance.