Question 1

After the terrorist bombings in the United States in 2001, some airline passengers overheard a group of other passengers speaking Arabic and demanded that the foreigners be taken off the plane. The airline employees had the foreign-born passengers disembark. What term best describes this incident?

Accepted Answer

Discrimination is the most appropriate term in this scenario as the foreign-born passengers were treated unfairly based on their nationality and language. Prejudice, racism, and bigotry could also play a role in this incident, but discrimination is the most accurate description of the action taken by the airline employees.

Question 2

Which of the following would most likely be classified as a member of a minority group in Canada?

Accepted Answer

In Canada, minority groups are typically defined as those who are not part of the dominant culture, which is historically white and of European descent. The Chinese man would therefore be more likely to be a member of a minority group.

Question 3

According to the text, which of the following statements distinguishes between realistic conflict theorists and split labour market theorists on racism?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the text, which of the...

Question 4

Which of the following demonstrates how institutional racism normally manifests itself?

Accepted Answer

Institutional racism refers to the ways in which racism is embedded in institutions and their policies and practices, leading to unequal outcomes for different racial groups. Underrepresentation of visible minorities in management positions at a cable company is an example of institutional racism, as it suggests that there are systemic barriers preventing minorities from advancing in their careers within this organization. Hate crimes against Asians, complaints to a Human Rights Commission, and explicit hiring policies that prevent new immigrants from applying are all examples of explicit or individual racism, where individuals are being targeted or discriminated against based on their race or ethnicity.

Question 5

According to the text, what is the label assigned to an immigrant who is blamed for the difficulties of a Canadian-born person?

Accepted Answer

The text specifically mentions the term "scapegoat" as the label assigned to an immigrant who is blamed for the difficulties of a Canadian-born person. Therefore, the correct answer is C. The other choices are not mentioned in relation to this topic in the text.

Question 6

According to the text, what kind of immigrants would be considered independent?

Accepted Answer

Economic immigrants are considered independent because they are selected based on their education, skills and experience, and are not sponsored by a family member or a specific employer.

Question 7

A 1991 study by the Canadian Civil Liberties Association found that 11 out of 15 employment agencies agreed to accept discriminatory job orders. Which of the following types of racism does this illustrate?

Accepted Answer

Institutionalized racism refers to policies and practices of organizations and institutions that have a discriminatory effect on groups based on their race or ethnicity. In this case, the employment agencies were accepting discriminatory job orders, which is a form of institutionalized racism as it perpetuates discrimination and inequality in the workplace.

Question 8

Huong, a Canadian-born woman of Chinese descent, was preparing a paper on her family's immigration history for a Cultural Geography course. She took into account the various oppressive federal and social policies that had affected her great grandparents and as they attempted to become Canadian citizens. According to the Galabuzi, in federal policies and documents like Statistics Canada publications, rather than the old category of "visible minority," what official term should Huong use in her paper to describe her family?

Accepted Answer

The term "racialized group" is the official term used in federal policies and documents like Statistics Canada publications to describe groups that have been subjected to systemic racism and discrimination.

Question 9

According to the text, between 2006 and 2011 (Statistics Canada), what were the top three source countries for immigrants who moved to Canada?

Accepted Answer

According to Statistics Canada between 2006 and 2011, the top three source countries for immigrants who moved to Canada were China, Philippines, and India.

Question 10

Which of the following accurately reflects the difference between the term "minority" and "visible minority"?

Accepted Answer

The term "minority" can refer to any group that makes up less than 50% of a population, while "visible minority" specifically refers to individuals who are not white and are visible in their ethno-cultural background, as determined by the Canadian government. Therefore, option A is the most accurate.

Question 11

What term do sociologists use for the group whose members are disadvantaged and subjected to unequal treatment by the dominant group, because of physical or cultural characteristics, and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Sociologists use the term "minority" to refer to the group whose members are disadvantaged and subjected to unequal treatment by the dominant group, because of physical or cultural characteristics, and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination. This term does not necessarily refer to the numerical size of the group, but rather to their lack of power and resources in comparison to the dominant group.

Question 12

According to the text, which group is most likely to live in extended family homes?

Accepted Answer

Aboriginal people are often associated with living in extended family homes due to cultural practices that emphasize community and family connections.

Question 13

What term does the text use for "the process by which racial categories are constructed as different and unequal in ways that have social, economic, and political consequences"?

Accepted Answer

The text specifically uses the term "racialization" to refer to the process of constructing racial categories as different and unequal, and notes that this process has social, economic, and political consequences. Options A, B, and D do not accurately reflect this concept as described in the text.

Question 14

According to the text, what are objective elements/definitions of ethnicity based upon?

Accepted Answer

The text states that objective elements/definitions of ethnicity are based upon language, customs, national origin, and ancestry.

Question 15

Joseph, four siblings, his parents, and his grandparents share a home. Joseph and his family have recently moved to the city from an Aboriginal reserve in northern Manitoba. According to the text, why might this family choose to live as an extended family?

Accepted Answer

Extended families can offer support and protection in a racialized society.

Question 16

With respect to race and ethnicity, what are interactionist theories about?

Accepted Answer

Interactionist theories focus on how race and ethnicity are constructed and reinforced through social interactions, including the learning of racial prejudices and attitudes. These theories suggest that racial distinctions are not inherent or biological, but rather are socially constructed and reinforced through everyday interactions and communication.

Question 17

What process puts prejudice into practice?

Accepted Answer

Prejudice can lead to discrimination, which is the act of treating people differently based on characteristics such as race, ethnicity, or religion. Discrimination can take many forms, such as denying someone a job, housing, or education opportunities, or restricting their access to services or resources.

Question 18

Tarik's parents encouraged him to participate in activities in their Bosnian community in Canada, but he refused, telling his parents that he was "Canadian." Five years later, however, he became active in the community, volunteered at a Bosnian cultural centre, and called himself "Bosnian." What does this case study demonstrate?

Accepted Answer

This case study demonstrates that ethnicity can change over time, as Tarik initially identified as "Canadian" but later became active in his Bosnian community and identified as "Bosnian."

Question 19

A young man grew up in the U.S. Deep South; his grandfather and father were both members of the Ku Klux Klan, and he is a member of the Klan-with an abiding hatred of minorities. Which type of social theory predicts this man's prejudice?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A young man grew up in the...

Question 20

According to the text, which of the following is an example of systemic discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Imposing height restrictions as part of the screening process for applicants to the police force is an example of systemic discrimination because it disproportionately affects certain groups, such as women and some ethnic groups, who may be shorter on average than other groups. This type of discrimination is embedded in the policies and practices of an organization or institution, rather than being an individual act of discrimination. The other choices do not fit the definition of systemic discrimination as clearly. Choice A names a group in a document without specifically discriminating against them, Choice B is an act of reconciliation for past discrimination, and Choice C is a form of compensation for past discrimination.

Quiz 8: Race and Ethnicity: Defining Ourselves and Others