Question 1

Successful phonics instruction includes all of the following except:
A) teaches sound-letter correspondences.
B) teaches blending of sounds.
C) provides immediately feedback on errors.
D) encourages independent seatwork.

Accepted Answer

Successful phonics instruction should also include guidance and support from the teacher, as well as opportunities for students to practice phonics skills in a variety of ways, such as through games, songs, and reading. Independent seatwork alone may not provide enough support for students to fully grasp phonics skills.

Question 2

Which method of measuring progress provides information by sampling a student's mastery of their actual curriculum?
A) Informal reading inventories
B) Observations and checklists
C) Curriculum-based measurements
D) Formalized instruments

Accepted Answer

Curriculum-based measurements provide information by sampling a student's mastery of their actual curriculum, rather than a standardized test or a general set of skills. This method involves frequent assessments of a student's progress in their specific academic subjects and can help teachers identify areas where additional support and instruction are needed.

Question 3

According to the text, what is a possible reason for students developing difficulties with reading?
A) Telling students exactly what they should be reading at all times.
B) Whole-class instruction that lacks intensive and explicit instruction.
C) A lack of adequately trained teaching staff in the classroom.
D) Standards and benchmarks are too extensive and detailed for students to reach proficiency.

Accepted Answer

The text specifically states that whole-class instruction that lacks intensive and explicit instruction can contribute to students developing difficulties with reading.

Question 4

There are three classifications used to describe reading ability. Choose the classification that does not belong:
A) instructional.
B) functional.
C) independent.
D) frustration.

Accepted Answer

The classifications used to describe reading ability are instructional, independent, and frustration. Functional is not a classification used to describe reading ability.

Question 5

Which form of reading assessment typically includes a word-recognition inventory, oral reading passages, silent reading passages, and accompanying comprehension questions?
A) All standardized reading assessments
B) Informal reading inventories
C) Curriculum-based measurements
D) The Woodcock Reading Mastery Test-Revised

Accepted Answer

Informal reading inventories typically include a word-recognition inventory, oral reading passages, silent reading passages, and accompanying comprehension questions.

Question 6

This explicit, comprehensive, multisensory instructional program includes phonics instruction as well as comprehension strategies with teacher modeling and immediate feedback?
A) Fernald method
B) Corrective reading program
C) Spalding method
D) Reading mastery

Accepted Answer

The answer of This explicit, comprehensive, multisensory instructional program includes...

Question 7

The personal independence that makes survival possible in today's world rests at the lowest level on which of the following?
A) Functional literacy
B) Collaboration with others
C) Community supports
D) Mathematical skills

Accepted Answer

Functional literacy is the ability to read, write, and comprehend basic information, which is crucial for navigating the world and accessing resources independently. While collaboration with others and community supports are also important for personal independence, they rely on at least some degree of functional literacy. Mathematical skills are important as well, but not as fundamentally necessary as the ability to read and write.

Question 8

According to the text, the Matthew effect:
A) represents the complexity of the English language.
B) occurs when students do not want to function independently.
C) is the gap between grade placement and an individual student's achievement.
D) is an old reading proverb.

Accepted Answer

The Matthew effect refers to the idea that the gap between students who are achieving at grade level and those who are not tends to widen over time. This phenomenon is named after the Biblical passage "For unto every one that hath shall be given... but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath," which is known as the Matthew principle. Option A is incorrect because the Matthew effect is not related to the complexity of the English language. Option B is incorrect because the Matthew effect is not caused by student dependence or independence. Option D is incorrect because the Matthew principle is a Biblical passage, but the effect named after it is a real-world phenomenon.

Question 9

While there is no universally accepted best method of reading instruction, what do the authors suggest to be the most effective method of teaching?
A) Direct instruction
B) Decoding-based emphases
C) Whole language approaches
D) A combination of holistic and skills-based decoding approaches

Accepted Answer

The authors suggest that a combination of holistic and skills-based decoding approaches is the most effective method of teaching reading. This approach combines the whole language approach, which emphasizes the meaning and context of language, with decoding-based emphases, which emphasize the skills and strategies required to decode words. Direct instruction may be helpful for certain reading skills, but by itself may not be as effective as the combination approach.

Question 10

Which grouping strategy is most effective for learning to read?
A) Individual
B) Small group
C) Whole group
D) Independent seatwork

Accepted Answer

Small group instruction allows for more personalized attention and targeted instruction, as the teacher can individualize instruction based on each student's needs and progress. This can lead to faster progress and greater gains in reading skills than whole group instruction or independent seatwork.

Question 11

What component of reading instruction provides a strategy to decode new words by applying learned strategies?
A) Whole language methods
B) Structural analysis
C) Contextual analysis
D) Phonetic analysis

Accepted Answer

Phonetic analysis involves using letter-sound relationships to decode words. This skill helps readers sound out unfamiliar words by breaking them down into individual sounds and blending them together to form words.

Question 12

What is the purpose of diagnostic tests?
A) Instructional planning
B) Surveying reading performances
C) Identify specific problems
D) Assessing student's academic progress

Accepted Answer

The purpose of diagnostic tests is to identify specific problems that a student may have in their academic performance. It is used to pinpoint areas where the student may need extra support or instruction. While diagnostic tests can inform instructional planning and assess a student's progress, those are not the primary purposes of the test.

Question 13

All of the following are three big ideas that are the foundations of beginning reading instruction, except:
A) phonological awareness.
B) automaticity with phonological and alphabetic code.
C) use of contextual cues.
D) alphabetic understanding.

Accepted Answer

Although contextual cues can be helpful in supporting reading comprehension, they are not considered one of the foundational skills of beginning reading instruction. The other choices listed (phonological awareness, automaticity with phonological and alphabetic code, and alphabetic understanding) are all essential skills for developing strong reading abilities.

Question 14

After a teacher has begun with survey tests that identify the major areas of difficulty of a student, what should they do next?
A) Implement their instructional plan
B) Design an instructional plan
C) Administer a diagnostic test
D) Whatever the testing manual tells them to do

Accepted Answer

After identifying major areas of difficulty with survey tests, the teacher should administer a diagnostic test to gain a deeper understanding of the specific issues before designing an instructional plan.

Question 15

A minimal goal for all students with regard to reading instruction is:
A) reading for survival.
B) passing high stakes assessment.
C) inferential comprehension of text.
D) contextual learning.

Accepted Answer

The minimal goal for all students with regard to reading instruction should be to acquire reading skills to be able to read for survival. This means they should be able to read and comprehend basic instructions, warnings, and information necessary for daily life. This is a crucial life skill that students need to be equipped with, regardless of their reading level or ability. Passing high stakes assessments or achieving inferential comprehension of text may be important goals, but they are not necessarily minimal and may not be relevant to every individual student. Contextual learning is also important, but it is not specific to reading instruction.

Question 16

Which of the following emphasizes a skills-based, "bottom-up" approach to reading?
A) Decoding-based programs
B) Whole language approach
C) Language experience approach
D) Functional reading

Accepted Answer

Decoding-based programs emphasize a skills-based, "bottom-up" approach to reading. These programs focus on teaching students the sounds and letter combinations that make up words, which they use to decode and understand text. This approach helps students develop strong decoding skills and a solid foundation for reading comprehension.

Question 17

Which of the following includes concern for discrimination between words and between sounds, isolating sounds within words, and identifying phonemes?
A) Reading acquisition
B) Phonological awareness
C) Holistic instruction
D) Direct instruction

Accepted Answer

Phonological awareness involves the ability to recognize and manipulate sounds in spoken language, including discriminating between words and sounds, isolating sounds within words, and identifying phonemes. Reading acquisition refers to the process of learning to read and the skills involved in reading, which includes phonological awareness but also encompasses other skills such as decoding, comprehension, and fluency. Holistic instruction and direct instruction are teaching approaches and do not specifically refer to phonological awareness skills.

Question 18

Instructional planning is:
A) not necessary for successful reading programs.
B) a federal requirement for all teachers, regardless of their discipline.
C) is the goal of reading instruction
D) highly overrated.

Accepted Answer

Instructional planning is a requirement for teachers, including those in reading programs, to ensure structured and effective teaching. It is mandated at various levels, including federal, to ensure educational standards are met.

Question 19

Research has shown a strong link between phonological awareness and:
A) holistic approaches to instruction.
B) phonetic analysis.
C) phonics.
D) reading acquisition.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that phonological awareness, or the ability to identify and manipulate sounds in language, is a strong predictor of reading acquisition. Strong phonological awareness skills help children to decode and understand written language, which is essential for successful reading. While holistic approaches to instruction and phonetic analysis are important components of reading instruction, research specifically links phonological awareness to reading success. Phonics instruction also plays a role in reading acquisition, but it is more closely tied to understanding the relationship between letters and sounds, rather than overall phonological awareness. Therefore, the best choice is D - reading acquisition.

Question 20

An important principle regarding sight word instruction is:
A) test students only at the end of the unit and not before.
B) spend as much instructional time as possible on teaching sight words.
C) students must achieve automaticity with the sight words they have achieved.
D) multisensory approaches are most effective when teaching sight words.

Accepted Answer

The principle that students must achieve automaticity with the sight words they have achieved is crucial to their success in reading. Sight word instruction focuses on rapidly identifying and decoding frequently encountered words without having to stop and sound them out, and automaticity is key to achieving this ability. Testing only at the end of the unit (A) or spending too much time on sight words to the detriment of other skills (B) are not best practices. While multisensory approaches (D) can be effective for many learners, there is not enough information in the question to determine if they are the most effective for teaching sight words.

Quiz 6: Reading: Word Recognition

Successful phonics instruction includes all of the following except:

Which method of measuring progress provides information by sampling a student's mastery of their actual curriculum?

According to the text, what is a possible reason for students developing difficulties with reading?

There are three classifications used to describe reading ability. Choose the classification that does not belong:

Which form of reading assessment typically includes a word-recognition inventory, oral reading passages, silent reading passages, and accompanying comprehension questions?

This explicit, comprehensive, multisensory instructional program includes phonics instruction as well as comprehension strategies with teacher modeling and immediate feedback?

The personal independence that makes survival possible in today's world rests at the lowest level on which of the following?

According to the text, the Matthew effect:

While there is no universally accepted best method of reading instruction, what do the authors suggest to be the most effective method of teaching?

Which grouping strategy is most effective for learning to read?

What component of reading instruction provides a strategy to decode new words by applying learned strategies?

What is the purpose of diagnostic tests?

All of the following are three big ideas that are the foundations of beginning reading instruction, except:

After a teacher has begun with survey tests that identify the major areas of difficulty of a student, what should they do next?

A minimal goal for all students with regard to reading instruction is:

Which of the following emphasizes a skills-based, "bottom-up" approach to reading?

Which of the following includes concern for discrimination between words and between sounds, isolating sounds within words, and identifying phonemes?

Instructional planning is:

Research has shown a strong link between phonological awareness and:

An important principle regarding sight word instruction is: