Question 1

When did education,occupation,and language skills replace race or national origin as the criteria for admission to Canada?

Accepted Answer

The Immigration Act of 1967 removed discriminatory provisions based on race or national origin, and introduced a points-based system that prioritized education, occupation, and language skills. This system is still in place today, with updates and revisions made over time.

Question 2

Which of the following groups is cited in the text as an example of internal colonialism?

Accepted Answer

The text specifically mentions Indigenous peoples in Canada as an example of internal colonialism. While the other groups listed may face discrimination or marginalization, they do not fit the definition of internal colonialism, which is the colonial domination of one group by another within the same geographic area.

Question 3

Which of the following groups is the most disadvantaged racial or ethnic group in Canada?

Accepted Answer

Indigenous peoples in Canada experience disproportionate levels of poverty, unemployment, health problems, and discrimination compared to non-Indigenous Canadians. They are also more likely to be involved with the criminal justice system and have a lower life expectancy. These systemic issues have been ongoing for centuries and are rooted in colonialism and the ongoing impacts of residential schools. While all groups listed may face challenges and discrimination, Indigenous peoples in Canada continue to experience the most widespread and severe disadvantages.

Question 4

The text cites the federal government's reserve system for status Indians as a blatant example of what?

Accepted Answer

The federal government's reserve system for status Indians is cited as a blatant example of segregation, as it separates Indigenous peoples from mainstream society and limits their access to resources and opportunities.

Question 5

Which group includes all people of colour and white women in Canada?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which group includes all people of colour...

Question 6

Suppose you were undertaking a study of identity formation and you examined members of racial and ethnic minorities and members of the white majority.What theoretical perspective would likely inform your research?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose you were undertaking a study of...

Question 7

In Canada,Ukrainians,French Canadians,African Canadians,Asian Canadians,and others co-exist.What term best describes this?

Accepted Answer

Ethnic pluralism refers to a situation where different ethnic groups co-exist in a society. In this case, Ukrainians, French Canadians, African Canadians, Asian Canadians, and others are all ethnic groups that co-exist within Canada, making ethnic pluralism the best term to describe their co-existence.

Question 8

Alex respects all of his university classmates.He routinely interacts with a diverse group of friends,both studying with them and spending time in recreation with them.According to sociologist Robert Merton,how would Alex be classified?

Accepted Answer

Based on Robert Merton's typology, Alex would be classified as an unprejudiced nondiscriminator because he respects all of his university classmates and regularly interacts with a diverse group of friends, studying and spending time in recreation with them. This means that Alex does not hold any prejudices against any group and does not discriminate against them.

Question 9

What term do sociologists use for the group whose members,because of physical or cultural characteristics,are disadvantaged and subjected to unequal treatment by the dominant group and who regard themselves as objects of collective discrimination?

Accepted Answer

Sociologists use the term "minority" to describe a group that is disadvantaged and subjected to unequal treatment by the dominant group, based on physical or cultural characteristics such as race, ethnicity, or gender. The term "marginalized" may also be appropriate, but it generally refers to any group that is pushed to the fringes of society, not necessarily due to discrimination by a dominant group. "Socially depressed" and "powerless" are not commonly used terms in sociology to describe disadvantaged groups.

Question 10

Your parents believe that all people from Hawaii can hula dance and have pig roasts on a regular basis.What name would sociologists use to describe these overgeneralizations?

Accepted Answer

A stereotype is a widely held and oversimplified idea or belief about a particular group of people, often based on minimal or limited information. In this case, the parents' belief that all people from Hawaii can hula dance and have pig roasts is an example of a stereotype. Prejudice refers to preconceived opinions or attitudes toward a particular group of people, while discrimination involves treating people unfairly based on characteristics such as race, ethnicity, or gender. Racism is a specific form of prejudice and discrimination based on the belief that some races are inherently superior or inferior to others. None of these other concepts apply directly to the parents' belief about Hawaii.

Question 11

Approximately what percentage of the immigrants arriving in Canada today are visible minorities?

Accepted Answer

As of my last update in 2023, approximately 80 percent of the immigrants arriving in Canada are considered visible minorities. This reflects Canada's diverse immigration policy and its commitment to multiculturalism.

Question 12

Jack maintains that discrimination against visible minorities appears ordinary and natural to many of his colleagues at work.Which perspective is Jack using?

Accepted Answer

Jack is using a critical race theory perspective, which suggests that discrimination against visible minorities is rooted in systemic racism and is normalized in society.

Question 13

Which term best describes the federal government's reserve system for status Indians in Canada?

Accepted Answer

The federal government's reserve system for status Indians in Canada is best described as segregation, as it separates Indigenous peoples from the rest of Canadian society and often confines them to specific areas of land.

Question 14

According to the text,which of the following is the most reliable and important source on racism?

Accepted Answer

While each source listed can provide valuable information on racism, the most reliable and important source would be the individuals who have experienced it directly. This is because they have firsthand knowledge and understanding of the impact of racism on their lives, and their experiences can provide insights that cannot be captured by statistics or studies alone.

Question 15

According to Fleras and Elliott,what form of racism enables individuals to maintain two apparently conflicting values-one rooted in the egalitarian virtues of justice and fairness,the other in beliefs that result in resentment and selfishness?

Accepted Answer

Subliminal racism enables individuals to maintain conflicting values of egalitarian virtues and beliefs that lead to resentment and selfishness, as it operates below the level of conscious awareness, allowing individuals to hold prejudiced views without overt acknowledgment.

Question 16

What term did sociologist Robert Merton use to refer to teens who have no personal prejudices but engage in discrimination because of pressure from their friends?

Accepted Answer

Sociologist Robert Merton used the term "unprejudiced discriminator" to refer to teens who have no personal prejudices but engage in discrimination because of pressure from their friends.

Question 17

What is the key objective of multiculturalism?

Accepted Answer

The key objective of multiculturalism is to promote unity through diversity. It aims to create a society that embraces and values different cultures, beliefs, and traditions, while promoting a sense of unity and shared values among all members of society. This approach is intended to foster a more inclusive, tolerant, and harmonious society. While promoting ethnic diversity and creating equal opportunities for immigrants are important aspects of multiculturalism, they are not its primary objectives. "Creating a horizontal mosaic" is a term coined by Canadian sociologist John Porter to describe a society composed of diverse ethnic and cultural groups that coexist but are not integrated. While multiculturalism aims to create a mosaic of cultures, it also aims to promote integration and shared values.

Question 18

What term do Augie Fleras and Jean Leonard Elliott use to capture the social significance of being white?

Accepted Answer

Augie Fleras and Jean Leonard Elliott use the term "white privilege" to capture the social significance of being white. They describe it as a set of advantages and benefits that are often invisible to those who possess them, but which are unavailable to people of color. The term acknowledges that being white confers a certain level of advantage in society, regardless of an individual's intentions or actions.

Question 19

According to Fleras and Elliott (2003),which of the following advantages is NOT associated with white privilege?

Accepted Answer

Fleras and Elliott (2003) do not associate access to inexpensive housing with white privilege. The other options (A, C, D) are mentioned as advantages of white privilege.

Question 20

Equalitarian pluralism refers to a situation in which ethnic groups coexist in equality with one another.What is this pattern also referred to as?

Accepted Answer

Equalitarian pluralism is also referred to as accommodation, which means that different ethnic groups find ways to live together in peace and harmony, respecting each other's cultural traditions and practices.

Quiz 11: Sex and Gender