Question 1

Fayron is asked to judge how happy she will be six months after she graduates from college.She believes that it will increase her happiness levels for at least a year.Which concept does this scenario illustrate?

Accepted Answer

This scenario illustrates the concept of affective forecasting, which refers to people's ability to predict their own emotional reactions to future events. Fayron is making a prediction about the impact of graduating college on her happiness levels, which is an example of affective forecasting.

Question 2

While talking to someone she just met at a noisy party,Julianna stops in the middle of a sentence and turns her head.According to the cocktail party effect,which of the following is most likely to have caught her attention?

Accepted Answer

The cocktail party effect refers to the ability to focus on a single conversation in a noisy environment, but it also highlights how certain stimuli, like hearing one's own name, can capture attention even amidst background noise.

Question 3

What happens,according to Wilson (2002),the more people consider the reasons why they like something?

Accepted Answer

According to Wilson (2002), when people consider the reasons why they like something, it can lead to a lower correlation between their attitudes and their behavior. This is because analyzing reasons can sometimes lead people to focus on aspects that are not actually influential in their preferences, thus distorting their understanding of their own attitudes.

Question 4

What do psychologists call the process of reflecting on your own inner thoughts and feelings in order to gain self-knowledge?

Accepted Answer

Introspection is the process by which individuals reflect on their own inner thoughts and feelings in order to gain self-knowledge. Choice B) self-verification refers to the desire to have others perceive us the way we perceive ourselves. Choice C) self-monitoring refers to the extent to which individuals regulate their self-presentation in social situations. Choice D) autobiographical memory refers to the ability to remember information about one's own life.

Question 5

Helene is schematic concerning honesty.Which of the following statements best describes Helene?

Accepted Answer

Helene's schematic view towards honesty implies that she considers it to be an important and central part of her self-concept. This view suggests that honesty is a value that Helene upholds consistently and sees as a defining characteristic of her identity.

Question 6

According to the looking-glass model of self-concept development,how does the self-concept develop?

Accepted Answer

According to the looking-glass model of self-concept development, the self-concept develops from the way one is viewed by others. This means that how others perceive and respond to us shapes our self-concept and influences how we view ourselves.

Question 7

When Gallup (1977)placed different species of animals in front of a mirror,what was it that only the great apes did?

Accepted Answer

Great apes demonstrated self-recognition by using their reflection in the mirror to groom parts of their bodies that were otherwise not visible to them, indicating an understanding that the reflection was of themselves. This behavior was not observed in other species tested, marking a significant cognitive distinction in the ability for self-recognition among animals.

Question 8

From a social psychological perspective,what does the cocktail party effect illustrate?

Accepted Answer

The answer of From a social psychological perspective,what does the...

Question 9

What do psychologists call sets of stored knowledge about the self that allow enhanced processing of relevant information?

Accepted Answer

Psychologists call sets of stored knowledge about the self that allow enhanced processing of relevant information self-schemas.

Question 10

Varsha stands in front of a mirror.She notices a red spot on the forehead of the image she sees in the mirror.She then brings her hand up to her own forehead and touches the red spot.What is Varsha demonstrating?

Accepted Answer

Varsha is demonstrating self-recognition, which is the ability to recognize oneself in a mirror or photograph.

Question 11

According to developmental psychologists,at what age do children begin to recognize their own image in a mirror?

Accepted Answer

Children typically begin to recognize their own image in a mirror between 18 and 24 months of age, as this is when self-awareness develops.

Question 12

Bernie considers intelligence to be an important part of his self-concept and he feels that he is more intelligent than most other people when he is in a group.How would psychologists most likely describe Bernie?

Accepted Answer

Bernie's perception of himself as more intelligent than others in a group suggests that intelligence is a part of his self-schema or an organized and integrated set of beliefs about the self. This would make him schematic with respect to intelligence. The other options of aschematic or high/low in public self-consciousness do not provide a relevant explanation for Bernie's perception of his intelligence.

Question 13

A high school class goes to an art gallery and enjoys one of the exhibitions very much.If the teacher wants the students to gain accurate self-insight regarding why they liked the exhibition,what should the teacher ask the students to do?

Accepted Answer

Focusing on their feelings about the paintings will help students gain self-insight into their personal preferences and emotional responses, which is crucial for understanding why they liked the exhibition.

Question 14

According to Nisbett and Wilson (1977),why are people often unable to give accurate explanations for the causes of their own behaviour?

Accepted Answer

Nisbett and Wilson suggest that people may not be able to give accurate explanations for the causes of their own behavior because introspection can sometimes impair self-knowledge. This means that people may not always be aware of their true thoughts and feelings and may therefore provide misguided explanations for their behavior.

Question 15

Gallup's research revealed that when apes were raised in isolation they were unable to recognize themselves in the mirror.What does this research provide support for?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Gallup's research revealed that when apes were...

Question 16

What does the term self-concept refer to?

Accepted Answer

Self-concept refers to the sum total of a person's beliefs concerning his or her own personal characteristics, including their abilities, attitudes, and values. It is essentially how an individual sees and defines themselves. This can include positive and negative aspects, as well as a sense of identity or group affiliations. Self-concept can vary across different contexts and situations, and can also change and develop over time.

Question 17

Janne is a middle-aged woman who is starting a new job.Which of the following is likely to be most important information in her self-concept?

Accepted Answer

Self-schemas, which are beliefs and ideas about oneself, play a crucial role in forming one's self-concept, especially when starting new chapters in life such as a new job.

Question 18

What is the cocktail party effect?

Accepted Answer

The cocktail party effect refers to the ability to selectively attend to one conversation in a noisy or crowded environment, such as a cocktail party, and to ignore other conversations. It also includes the phenomenon of being able to hear one's own name even when it is spoken softly amidst a sea of background noise.

Question 19

Jan is at a party.Which of the following best demonstrates the cocktail party effect?

Accepted Answer

The cocktail party effect refers to the ability to selectively attend to one conversation while ignoring others in a noisy environment. Jan noticing when someone across the room mentions her name demonstrates this ability. A, B, and C are not directly related to the cocktail party effect.

Question 20

Which of the following are two crucial steps to the development of the self-concept?

Accepted Answer

Self-recognition (recognizing oneself as an individual separate from others) and the presence of other people (providing social feedback and comparison) are two crucial steps in the development of the self-concept. Self-esteem, self-control, self-verification, and social factors may influence the self-concept, but they are not the necessary steps for its development.

Quiz 3: The Social Self