When the Text Discusses the Private or Hidden Welfare State

When the text discusses the private or hidden welfare state, it is referring primarily to

A) TANF benefits obtained through fraud.
B) Social Security benefits obtained through fraud.
C) pensions, health insurance, and other benefits provided by employers.
D) the underground economy in which people are paid in cash and don't pay any taxes.
E) the benefits received by undocumented immigrants.