Question 1

Lipids can be described as ________.

Accepted Answer

Lipids are mostly fats and oils, which are a major source of energy for the body. They are distinct from sugars (A) and minerals/vitamins (B), and are not made up of amino acids (D).

Question 2

Energy-yielding nutrients include ________.

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are the three energy-yielding nutrients. Vitamins, minerals, and water do not provide energy but play important roles in overall health and functioning of the body. Trace minerals and fat-soluble vitamins are also important for health but do not provide energy. Iron, vitamin C, and potassium are important for various functions in the body, but they do not provide energy.

Question 3

An important function of carbohydrates is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are the primary source of energy for the body. They are broken down into glucose, which provides energy to the cells through cellular respiration.

Question 4

Examples of water-soluble vitamins include ________.

Accepted Answer

Water-soluble vitamins include vitamin C and the eight B-vitamins (thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine, biotin, folate, and cobalamin). Vitamins A and E are fat-soluble, while vitamins D and K are a combination of both fat-soluble and water-soluble. Calcium and iron are minerals, not vitamins.

Question 5

Proteins can be described as ________.

Accepted Answer

Proteins are made up of building blocks called amino acids.

Question 6

The leading cause of nutrition-related death in the United States is ________.

Accepted Answer

Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States, and poor nutrition is a major contributor to the development of heart disease.

Question 7

The main structural material of the body is ________.

Accepted Answer

Proteins are the main structural material in the body. They make up the majority of muscles, organs, and connective tissues. Carbohydrates and lipids are primarily used for energy storage and production, while minerals are involved in various biological processes but do not make up the body's structure.

Question 8

Glucose is classified as a ________.

Accepted Answer

Glucose is a simple sugar, also known as a monosaccharide, which is the basic unit of carbohydrates.

Question 9

Macronutrients are needed in _______ quantities in the diet.

Accepted Answer

Macronutrients, such as carbohydrates, proteins, and fats, are required in relatively large amounts in the diet, often measured in grams. Milligrams and micrograms are used to measure smaller amounts of micronutrients such as vitamins and minerals.

Question 10

The science of food; the nutrients and substances therein; and their action,interaction,and balance in relation to health and disease is a definition of ________.

Accepted Answer

The definition provided specifically mentions the science of food, nutrients, and their relation to health and disease, which is the domain of nutrition. Choices A and B are too broad and do not capture the specific focus of the definition, while D focuses solely on food science without including the health and disease aspect.

Question 11

Complex carbohydrates not broken down by digestive processes are ________.

Accepted Answer

Complex carbohydrates not broken down by digestive processes are fiber. Glycogen and starches are broken down by digestive processes, while enzymes are not carbohydrates.

Question 12

Nutrients causing some signs of poor health when consumed in less than adequate amounts are called ________.

Accepted Answer

Essential nutrients are nutrients that must come from the diet because the body cannot produce them on its own. When consumed in less than adequate amounts, they can cause signs of poor health. Nonessential nutrients are produced by the body and nutritional supplements are products designed to supplement the diet. Trace nutrients are nutrients required in small amounts.

Question 13

Carbohydrates can be described as ________.

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrates are organic compounds made up of sugars, starches, and fibers. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, and inorganic molecules do not contain carbon and are not considered carbohydrates. While some compounds needed in tiny amounts are essential to life (such as vitamins), carbohydrates are not one of them.

Question 14

Proteins are formed by linking together ________.

Accepted Answer

Proteins are formed by linking together amino acids through peptide bonds.

Question 15

The major form of lipid in foods is a(n)________.

Accepted Answer

Triglycerides are the major form of lipid in foods. They consist of three fatty acid molecules attached to a glycerol backbone. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins, not lipids. Fatty acids are a component of triglycerides but not the major form. Glycerol is a component of triglycerides, but not the major form.

Question 16

A triglyceride is an example of a ________.

Accepted Answer

Triglyceride is a type of lipid, which includes fats, oils, and waxes. It is composed of glycerol and three fatty acid chains.

Question 17

Which of the following are sources of carbohydrates?

Accepted Answer

All grains, fruits, and vegetables are sources of carbohydrates. It is important to choose a variety of carbohydrates from these sources to ensure a balanced diet.

Question 18

The main function of vitamins is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Vitamins act as coenzymes, which means they enable chemical reactions to occur in the body. They do not provide structural building blocks, essential fatty acids, or directly improve digestion processes.

Question 19

Which is NOT a complex carbohydrate?

Accepted Answer

Glucose is a simple carbohydrate, not a complex carbohydrate. Complex carbohydrates are made up of chains of sugar molecules, while simple carbohydrates are made up of just one or two sugar molecules. Glycogen, fiber, and starch are all complex carbohydrates.

Question 20

Sugars,starches,and dietary fibers are examples of ________.

Accepted Answer

Sugars, starches, and dietary fibers are all types of carbohydrates.

Quiz 1: The Science of Nutrition