Question 1

The nurse instructs a woman on hormone replacement therapy (HRT)and informs her of the risk for which conditions?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that HRT may lead to an increased risk for heart attack.

Question 2

A patient with HIV has been diagnosed with Candida albicans.The nurses can anticipate the physician will order medication to be taken over how many days?

Accepted Answer

Candida infection is being treated by newer antifungal medications that have cut the treatment time from 7 to 2 days.These products are commonly prescribed for women with vaginal infections and AIDS patients with reduced immunity.

Question 3

In aging patients,distribution of drugs may be lessened because of a decline in total body water and lean body mass,warranting the use of decreased dosing.Which drugs are distributed into body water or lean muscle mass and may lead to increased effects and possible toxicity for the aging patient? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Drugs that are distributed into body water or lean body mass include digoxin,cimetidine,lithium,gentamicin,meperidine,phenytoin,and theophylline.

Question 4

The nurse is administering naproxen to a 70-year-old patient with poor nutritional intake.What should the nurse assess prior to administering the medication?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should assess the patient's albumin level prior to administering naproxen.Older adults may have decreased serum albumin levels due to the aging process.Naproxen is a high-protein binding drug.Decreased levels of albumin places the patient potentially at risk for high serum levels of naproxen.This may lead to increased effects of the drug or drug toxicity.

Question 5

The nurse is counseling a young woman who is planning her pregnancy.She asks if there is anything she might do to help prevent birth defects in her unborn child.Which would be an appropriate response to the patient?

Accepted Answer

There is now a great deal of scientific data that support eating foods high in folic acid or taking a multivitamin with folic acid to protect against certain birth defects.

Question 6

A mother comes to the clinic with her 7-year-old son who has had a cold for 2 days.She has been giving the child an over-the-counter preparation for his cough.The mother tells the nurse the child has been very hyperactive since his illness.What would the nurse assessing this patient tell the mother?

Accepted Answer

Over-the-counter preparations,particularly various cough syrups,may provoke adverse reactions in pediatric patients.Many over-the-counter cold meds now carry warnings against giving them to children.

Question 7

Which people,as a condition of their work,are required to maintain current immunizations? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

People who travel outside the United States,are in the military,or work in handling food are required to have immunizations against many diseases.People at high risk,such as health care workers,older adults,and those who are immunocompromised,are encouraged to obtain yearly injections to help protect them against current strains of influenza.

Question 8

A pregnant patient asks the nurse what "teratogenic effect" of medications means.Which is the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

All mothers want to have healthy babies,so it is important for pregnant women to avoid as many drugs as possible,especially those drugs with teratogenic potential (those likely to cause malformations or damage in the embryo or fetus).

Question 9

A young woman comes into the clinic for follow-up care after a sexually transmitted infection.Which statement made by this patient alerts the nurse that further explanation is needed about her use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPs)?

Accepted Answer

Oral contraceptive pills do not reduce a patient's risk of getting a sexually transmitted disease.

Question 10

Hormone replacement therapy for menopausal women helps reduce the incidence of which condition?

Accepted Answer

Hormone replacement therapy for menopause has been used to reduce calcium loss from bones,which leads to osteoporosis.

Question 11

Which action by a breastfeeding mother who takes medication would decrease the amount of the drug the baby receives in breast milk?

Accepted Answer

If a feeding is skipped,the mother needs to express and discard her breast milk,because drug levels may build up in the milk.

Question 12

A Hispanic patient in the hospital has been told that medication is recommended for his condition.He tells the nurse that he would like to consult the curandera before making a decision.What should the nurse do first?

Accepted Answer

The LPN/LVN should attempt to accept and work with the cultural practices of patients as much as possible and not force patients to accept care that conflicts with their values.

Question 13

A mother asks why her 6-year-old requires a daily dose of digoxin that is twice that of an adult.The nurse explains that the larger dose is necessary because of which characteristics of children?

Accepted Answer

Infants and children require a total daily digoxin dose that is approximately twice that of an adult on a basis of the ratio of weight to dose.This increased requirement for digoxin is thought to be the result of a greater binding strength of the child's developing myocardial digoxin receptors.

Question 14

Which individual would be at the highest risk for drug noncompliance?

Accepted Answer

The patient's age,sex,race,education,occupation,income,and marital status usually provide clues about whether the patient will follow medication instructions or not.

Question 15

Which nursing intervention would be most helpful in improving a patient's ability to follow the drug treatment plan?

Accepted Answer

Factors that have been identified as helpful in having a good relationship with the patient include being friendly with a positive,confident approach.

Question 16

An older adult woman comes into the clinic complaining of "feeling bad" since yesterday.She tells the nurse her husband gave her his medication for a headache.Which represents the best response to this information?

Accepted Answer

Many older patients also diagnose each other's health problems and share medications,which may make it very difficult for you to evaluate the effects of prescribed medications in a particular patient.Include the dangers of this in patient teaching.

Question 17

Which statement made by an older adult patient would require further teaching by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

You must be sure that older adult patients are taught how to take their prescription medications and about the danger of taking nonprescription drugs at the same time.Elderly patients often have age-related decline in renal and hepatic function,which can affect how their bodies handle many over-the-counter (OTC)drugs and prescription drugs.They may also have some loss in "hepatic reserve," thereby placing them at increased risk of adverse effects when drugs are added to their existing treatment plan.The risk of adverse drug interactions is also increased if the elderly patients' physicians don't know all the drugs they are taking.

Question 18

Nurses working with older adult patients must remember which factors about their kidney function and administration of their medications? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

The important factors to remember when caring for older adult patients taking drugs that will be excreted from the kidney are to monitor these patients individually,follow creatinine clearance as prescribed by the health care provider,and expect that lower doses or longer intervals between doses may be ordered for patients with possible kidney damage.

Question 19

What may the nurse question the patient about when performing a cultural assessment? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Cultural assessment involves talking with a patient about differences in values,religion,dietary practices,family lines of authority,family life patterns,and beliefs and practices related to health and illness.

Quiz 5: Lifespan and Cultural Modifications

The nurse instructs a woman on hormone replacement therapy (HRT) and informs her of the risk for which conditions?