Question 1

A nurse is caring for a 34-year-old patient admitted with severe diarrhea that has been going on for 2 weeks.What assessment should the nurse anticipate?

Accepted Answer

Severe diarrhea can lead to fluid and electrolyte imbalances, which can cause hypotension and fatigue. Edema of lower legs and feet is not a typical assessment finding with severe diarrhea. Hypertension is also unlikely, and hunger is not a relevant assessment finding in this case. Metabolic alkalosis is not typically associated with severe diarrhea.

Question 2

A nurse identifies a risk factor in an older man that places him at risk for developing diverticulosis.What patient information indicates such a risk factor?

Accepted Answer

Eating a low-fiber diet is a known risk factor for the development of diverticulosis.

Question 3

Which statement by a patient with an ileostomy as a remedy for ulcerative colitis indicates the need for further teaching?

Accepted Answer

The statement "I will be glad when the surgeon closes this ileostomy." indicates a misunderstanding because an ileostomy for ulcerative colitis is typically permanent, not a temporary measure that can be reversed by surgical closure. This shows the patient has incorrect expectations about the nature of their treatment and requires further education.

Question 4

A nurse provides education to a patient after a hemorrhoidectomy.Which statement by the patient demonstrates the need for further instruction?

Accepted Answer

After a hemorrhoidectomy, it is important for the patient to drink plenty of fluids to help prevent constipation and keep the area soft and moist to promote healing. Restrictions on fluids could lead to dehydration and further complications. The other statements are all correct and demonstrate good understanding of the post-operative care for a patient who has had a hemorrhoidectomy.

Question 5

Colonoscopy results indicate the diagnosis of irritable bowel disease (IBD)in a patient admitted to the hospital with diarrhea.What information should the nurse include when preparing patient education regarding diet?

Accepted Answer

In patients with IBD, it is recommended to follow a low roughage diet to reduce the frequency of bowel movements and help with the inflammation associated with the disease. Dairy products may exacerbate symptoms in some patients, and no specific restriction is required for protein or salt intake.

Question 6

A nurse notes a diagnosis of pilonidal cyst on a patient's admission assessment.What anatomical location should the nurse expect to assess this cyst?

Accepted Answer

Pilonidal cysts typically occur in the sacrococcygeal area, which is located at the base of the spine between the buttocks.

Question 7

A nurse is performing an assessment of a patient after an abdominoperineal resection.How many incision sites will be present?

Accepted Answer

An abdominoperineal resection typically involves three incision sites: one in the abdomen, one in the perineum, and one for the colostomy.

Question 8

A home health nurse is instructing an older adult patient regarding dietary changes to help prevent constipation.What changes should the nurse indicate when providing this education? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Adding whole-grain cereal, stopping laxative use, increasing liquid intake, and eating fresh vegetables can all help prevent constipation. However, increasing sugar intake can actually make constipation worse.

Question 9

Which instruction given to a patient with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)should lessen discomfort?

Accepted Answer

Taking small bites and chewing well can help lessen discomfort for patients with IBS by facilitating easier digestion and reducing the risk of gas and bloating.

Question 10

Which foods should an individual with diverticulosis avoid?

Accepted Answer

Foods like peanuts and raspberries, which contain small, hard particles, were traditionally thought to increase the risk of diverticulitis by becoming trapped in the diverticula. However, recent guidelines suggest that a high-fiber diet, including fruits and whole grains, may actually be beneficial, challenging previous recommendations to avoid such foods.

Question 11

A nurse describes a patient as morbidly obese because the patient has a weight of 387 lb and a height of 2 meters.What is the patient's body mass index (BMI)?

Accepted Answer

BMI = weight (kg) / height (m)^2
Convert the patient's weight to kg: 
387 lb × 0.45 kg/lb = 174.15 kg
Convert the patient's height to meters: 
2 meters
Calculate BMI: 
BMI = 174.15 kg / (2 meters)^2 = 43.54
The patient's BMI is 43.9, which falls in the morbidly obese category (BMI of 40 or greater). Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 12

A patient reports severe pain after an abdominoperineal resection.What position should the nurse assist this patient into in order to promote comfort?

Accepted Answer

Side-lying position can provide relief by decreasing pressure on the affected area and reducing tension on the incision. Additionally, it can help prevent pressure ulcers from developing on the patient's back or buttocks. Supine position (lying on the back) may exacerbate pain due to increased pressure on the surgical area. Prone position (lying on the stomach) is not recommended for patients who have had an abdominoperineal resection as it can put pressure on the incision and cause discomfort. Semi-Fowler position (sitting up with the head of the bed elevated at a 30-45 degree angle) may be helpful for patients with respiratory issues but may not provide adequate pain relief for patients with pain resulting from an abdominoperineal resection.

Question 13

A patient is diagnosed with cancer of the large intestine.What is the most likely initial recommended medical intervention?

Accepted Answer

Surgery is typically the initial recommended medical intervention for cancer of the large intestine, as it allows for removal of the tumor and surrounding affected tissue. Repeat colonoscopy may be necessary for monitoring and surveillance, and radiation therapy and chemotherapy may be used as additional treatments depending on the individual case.

Question 14

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with diverticulosis and assesses a temperature of 102.4$\degree$ F and abdominal rigidity.What should the nurse be aware is the most likely cause of these signs and symptoms?

Accepted Answer

A temperature of 102.4F and abdominal rigidity are signs of a possible perforation in the diverticula, causing infection to spread into the abdominal cavity. Constipation and obstruction would not typically cause these specific signs and symptoms.

Quiz 39: Lower Digestive Tract Disorders

A nurse is caring for a 34-year-old patient admitted with severe diarrhea that has been going on for 2 weeks.What assessment should the nurse anticipate?

A nurse identifies a risk factor in an older man that places him at risk for developing diverticulosis.What patient information indicates such a risk factor?

Which statement by a patient with an ileostomy as a remedy for ulcerative colitis indicates the need for further teaching?

A nurse provides education to a patient after a hemorrhoidectomy.Which statement by the patient demonstrates the need for further instruction?

Colonoscopy results indicate the diagnosis of irritable bowel disease (IBD) in a patient admitted to the hospital with diarrhea.What information should the nurse include when preparing patient education regarding diet?

A nurse notes a diagnosis of pilonidal cyst on a patient's admission assessment.What anatomical location should the nurse expect to assess this cyst?

A nurse is performing an assessment of a patient after an abdominoperineal resection.How many incision sites will be present?

A home health nurse is instructing an older adult patient regarding dietary changes to help prevent constipation.What changes should the nurse indicate when providing this education? (Select all that apply.)

Which instruction given to a patient with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) should lessen discomfort?

Which foods should an individual with diverticulosis avoid?

A nurse describes a patient as morbidly obese because the patient has a weight of 387 lb and a height of 2 meters.What is the patient's body mass index (BMI) ?

A patient reports severe pain after an abdominoperineal resection.What position should the nurse assist this patient into in order to promote comfort?

A patient is diagnosed with cancer of the large intestine.What is the most likely initial recommended medical intervention?

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with diverticulosis and assesses a temperature of 102.4 $\degree$ F and abdominal rigidity.What should the nurse be aware is the most likely cause of these signs and symptoms?

Quiz 39: Lower Digestive Tract Disorders

A nurse is caring for a 34-year-old patient admitted with severe diarrhea that has been going on for 2 weeks.What assessment should the nurse anticipate?

A nurse identifies a risk factor in an older man that places him at risk for developing diverticulosis.What patient information indicates such a risk factor?

Which statement by a patient with an ileostomy as a remedy for ulcerative colitis indicates the need for further teaching?

A nurse provides education to a patient after a hemorrhoidectomy.Which statement by the patient demonstrates the need for further instruction?

Colonoscopy results indicate the diagnosis of irritable bowel disease (IBD) in a patient admitted to the hospital with diarrhea.What information should the nurse include when preparing patient education regarding diet?

A nurse notes a diagnosis of pilonidal cyst on a patient's admission assessment.What anatomical location should the nurse expect to assess this cyst?

A nurse is performing an assessment of a patient after an abdominoperineal resection.How many incision sites will be present?

A home health nurse is instructing an older adult patient regarding dietary changes to help prevent constipation.What changes should the nurse indicate when providing this education? (Select all that apply.)

Which instruction given to a patient with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) should lessen discomfort?

Which foods should an individual with diverticulosis avoid?

A nurse describes a patient as morbidly obese because the patient has a weight of 387 lb and a height of 2 meters.What is the patient's body mass index (BMI) ?

A patient reports severe pain after an abdominoperineal resection.What position should the nurse assist this patient into in order to promote comfort?

A patient is diagnosed with cancer of the large intestine.What is the most likely initial recommended medical intervention?

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with diverticulosis and assesses a temperature of 102.4 °\degree° F and abdominal rigidity.What should the nurse be aware is the most likely cause of these signs and symptoms?

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with diverticulosis and assesses a temperature of 102.4 $\degree$ F and abdominal rigidity.What should the nurse be aware is the most likely cause of these signs and symptoms?