Question 1

Carolyn believes that she is worthy and well liked. According to attachment theorists, what is the most likely reason for this? Carolyn

Accepted Answer

According to attachment theorists, a secure attachment with a primary caregiver during infancy and childhood leads to positive beliefs about oneself and others, as well as the ability to form healthy relationships later in life. Therefore, Carolyn's belief that she is worthy and well-liked may be a result of having a secure attachment with her mother.

Question 2

Melanie doesn't find it easy to trust other people and says that she doesn't "need anybody." In all likelihood, Melanie's ________ attachment style can be traced to a caregiver who ________.

Accepted Answer

Melanie's statement of not needing anyone and difficulty in trusting others suggests an avoidant attachment style. This attachment style develops due to a caregiver who was emotionally unavailable, distant, and aloof.

Question 3

"I find that others are reluctant to get as close to me as I would like. I often have dreams that my husband doesn't love me like he used to, and that he leaves me unexpectedly. I guess have this need to lose myself in the person I love, and this sometimes scares them away." A person who is ________ attached most likely wrote those words.

Accepted Answer

The person is experiencing distress and anxiety related to their attachment style, causing them to have fears of abandonment and a desire for intense closeness. This is indicative of an anxious attachment style.

Question 4

Recall that Collins and Feeney brought heterosexual couples into the laboratory and told one partner in each couple that the other partner would be giving a speech on the value of college education that would be evaluated. Waiting partners sent notes (supportive or not) to their partners while they were preparing their speeches. They found that

Accepted Answer

The answer of Recall that Collins and Feeney brought heterosexual...

Question 5

Which of the following is out of place?

Accepted Answer

The other three choices are attachment styles, which are commonly used in psychology to describe patterns in how individuals form and maintain relationships with others. Symmetry is not an attachment style and is out of place in this list.

Question 6

________ theory posits that relationship satisfaction is determined by people's perceptions of costs and rewards, their beliefs about what kind of relationship they deserve, and their estimated chances of a better alternative relationship.

Accepted Answer

The description matches the principles of social exchange theory, which suggests that individuals make relationship decisions based on their analysis of the costs and rewards of the relationship, their beliefs about what kind of relationship they deserve, and their evaluation of their options for alternative relationships.

Question 7

At a Korean wedding, the newlyweds were toasted by the bride's grandparents who have been married for fifty-two years. One of the guests whispers, "The bride and groom are in love, but over time, her grandparents have developed very strong ________."

Accepted Answer

The concept of jung in Korean culture refers to a deep emotional bond and connection that can develop between people who have shared experiences and history. The grandparents' 52 years of marriage would have likely fostered a strong sense of jung between them.

Question 8

One explanation for why the Chinese have a concept of sorrowful or tragic love is the cultural belief of

Accepted Answer

The concept of fate determining the course of a relationship is a common theme in Chinese culture, which may explain the prevalence of sorrowful or tragic love stories. The idea that love can be thwarted by forces beyond one's control, such as fate or social norms, can lead to a sense of despair and tragedy.

Question 9

Researchers who have compared conceptions of love in China and in Western countries have found that

Accepted Answer

Researchers have found that Chinese perceptions of love often tie it together with sadness, whereas American conceptions of love do not have this association. There are cultural differences in the experience and expectations of love, with Chinese cultural values emphasizing collectivism and family obligations, while Western cultures value individualism and personal fulfillment. However, there is no clear evidence to support options A or B.

Question 10

According to a survey presented in the text, which attachment style do most people have?

Accepted Answer

The text states that "studies consistently reveal that the majority of people have a secure attachment style".

Question 11

Nelly really likes Brian. They don't go out often, but when they do, they engage in fun activities, but rarely talk or develop any emotional closeness. This is most likely because

Accepted Answer

Brian's lack of emotional closeness and avoidance of deeper conversations and connections suggests an avoidant attachment style. This may make it difficult for him to fully engage with Nelly on an emotional level, despite enjoying fun activities together.

Question 12

Ainsworth and her colleagues (1978) identified three basic attachment styles, which they termed

Accepted Answer

Ainsworth and her colleagues identified three basic attachment styles: secure, avoidant, and anxious/ambivalent.

Question 13

Sara is very popular and has several suitors. She doesn't really care much for any of them. Which one is most likely to be angry that Sara does not return her feelings?

Accepted Answer

Shannon, who is anxiously attached, is most likely to be angry because individuals with anxious attachment styles tend to be overly dependent on their partners and fear abandonment. Therefore, they may become upset and angry when their affections are not returned.

Question 14

A good way to summarize cross-cultural research on love is to say that

Accepted Answer

Cross-cultural research on love suggests that the emotional experience of love is similar across cultures, but different concepts of love reflect beliefs that are valued more in some cultures than in others. So, cultures may differ in the language they use to describe love, but there are similar concepts of love across cultures. However, the actual emotional experiences associated with these concepts may differ. Therefore, option C is the most suitable summary of cross-cultural research on love.

Question 15

People from Asian cultures are more likely to be concerned that ________ than are North Americans.

Accepted Answer

In many Asian cultures, the value placed on family and communal living is much stronger than in North America, and therefore people from Asian cultures may be more concerned with how their romantic relationships affect their existing family networks. Maintaining harmonious family relationships is often seen as a priority in Asian cultures. Option B is also a possibility for some cultures, but it is not a common concern across all Asian cultures. Option C may be a concern for all cultures worldwide. Option D is not a common issue in the context of romantic relationships.

Question 16

A strong tie that binds people together, whether they be romantic couples or business rivals, that is only developed over time and through mutual experiences is described with the term ________ in Korean culture.

Accepted Answer

The term "jung" is commonly used in Korean culture to describe a deep and strong bond that is developed over time through shared experiences. It can apply to any type of relationship, whether it be romantic or professional. The other choices, "yuan" is a Chinese term, "kim-bop" is a type of Korean food, and "jhana" is a term used in Buddhism.

Question 17

Roger's attachment style is secure and Bob's attachment style is secure. Based on the research presented in your text, what could you infer about their relationship?

Accepted Answer

Based on research presented in the text, individuals with secure attachment styles are more likely to have satisfying and committed relationships. Therefore, it can be inferred that Roger and Bob's secure attachment styles suggest they have a satisfying and committed relationship.

Question 18

Ellen is not concerned about the possibility of Alex abandoning her and believes that she is worthy and well liked. Alex, however, is anxious, and is concerned that Ellen will not reciprocate his desires for intimacy. According to this scenario, Ellen has a(n) ________ attachment style and Alex has a(n) ________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Ellen has a secure attachment style because she is confident in herself and her relationships. Alex has an anxious/ambivalent attachment style because he is worried about Ellen's reciprocation of intimacy. Neither of them display behaviors consistent with an avoidant attachment style.

Question 19

Brian has had many girlfriends in his life, mostly because he feels unable to comfortably commit to any one person. As soon as a relationship begins to get serious, he feels trapped and puts up barriers to his partner. His girlfriends always want him to make a bigger commitment than he is comfortable making. Brian's attachment style is best described as

Accepted Answer

Brian's behavior of putting up barriers when a relationship gets serious and feeling trapped is characteristic of an avoidant attachment style. This attachment style is marked by a fear of intimacy and a need for independence, which results in difficulty with commitment.

Question 20

A chapel in Las Vegas frequently marries couples that have not known each other for very long. Based on the research on attachment theory these individuals may be more likely to have a(n) ________ attachment style.

Accepted Answer

Based on attachment theory, individuals who enter into relationships quickly without much knowledge of their partner are more likely to have an anxious attachment style. Anxious attachment is characterized by a fear of abandonment, a strong desire for intimacy, and a tendency to cling to a partner.

Quiz 10: Interpersonal Attraction: From First Impressions to Close Relationships