Which of the Following Is a Distinguishing Characteristic of Federalism

Which of the following is a distinguishing characteristic of federalism in contrast to the confederal system?

A) Subunit governments retain full sovereignty.
B) The national government cannot compel subunit governments to act.
C) United action requires voluntary compliance.
D) Subunit governments face serious collective action problems that inhibit them from achieving the common good.
E) Subunit governments have constitutionally protected status.