Question 1

What is the solution that is added to the cartridge of local anesthetic to prevent oxidation of the vasoconstrictor called?
A) Vasoconstrictor preservative
B) Sodium hydroxide
C) Sodium chloride
D) Methylparaben

Accepted Answer

Vasoconstrictor preservative is added to the cartridge of local anesthetic to prevent oxidation of the vasoconstrictor, ensuring its effectiveness and prolonging its shelf life.

Question 2

Name the local amide anesthetic agent that has the highest dissociation constant,and explain what this high dissociation constant means.

Accepted Answer

Bupivacaine has the highest pKa,which means that it has the slowest onset of action but has a duration that almost doubles the duration of lidocaine.

Question 3

Which two local anesthetic agents have the least vasodilating properties?

Accepted Answer

Mepivacaine and prilocaine

Question 4

What is the solution that is added to the cartridge of local anesthetic that can trigger bronchospasms?
A) Vasoconstrictor preservative
B) Sodium hydroxide
C) Sodium chloride
D) Methylparaben

Accepted Answer

Vasoconstrictor preservatives like epinephrine can trigger bronchospasms in some patients, especially those with a history of asthma or allergies. It is important to carefully screen patients for these conditions before administering local anesthesia with vasoconstrictors.

Question 5

Name the local anesthetic that produces an intermediate duration when administered as a block injection.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the local anesthetic that produces an...

Question 6

An anesthetic solution of 1:100,000 epinephrine is twice as effective in controlling pain as a solution of 1:50,000 epinephrine.

Accepted Answer

A solution of 1:50,000 epinephrine is twice as effective in controlling pain as a solution of 1:100,000 epinephrine. This is because a higher concentration of epinephrine leads to vasoconstriction, which can limit blood flow to the area and prolong the anesthetic effect.

Question 7

Currently,no anesthetic cartridges contain methylparaben.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Methylparaben is no longer used in anesthetic cartridges due to concerns over allergic reactions.

Question 8

What is the solution that was added to the cartridge of local anesthetic to prevent bacterial growth?
A) Vasoconstrictor preservative
B) Sodium hydroxide
C) Sodium chloride
D) Methylparaben

Accepted Answer

Methylparaben is a common preservative added to local anesthetics to prevent bacterial growth. It is effective against a wide range of bacteria and fungi, and has been found to be safe for use in dental local anesthetics. A vasoconstrictor preservative (such as epinephrine) may also be added for its ability to constrict blood vessels and prolong the anesthetic effect, but is not specifically added for its preservative properties. Sodium hydroxide and sodium chloride are not used as preservatives in local anesthetics.

Question 9

Sodium chloride is a buffer creating an injectable solution that is isotonic.

Accepted Answer

Sodium chloride, commonly known as salt, is a commonly used buffer as it helps to maintain the pH of a solution. It also creates an isotonic solution because it has the same concentration of dissolved solutes as the human body's fluids, making it safe for injection.

Question 10

What local anesthetic agents would be a good choice to use when a vasoconstrictor is contraindicated?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What local anesthetic agents would be a...

Question 11

Name the local anesthetic that has the shortest half-life and the lowest risk for systemic toxicity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the local anesthetic that has the...

Question 12

Articaine local anesthetic cartridges are labeled that they contain 1.7 mL of solution.

Accepted Answer

Articaine local anesthetic cartridges are labeled to contain 1.7 mL of solution.

Question 13

What is the difference between generic names and proprietary names of local anesthetics?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the difference between generic names...

Question 14

Which of the following local anesthetics,without vasoconstrictors,is/are useful in dentistry?
A) Prilocaine
B) Mepivacaine
C) All options listed
D) None of the options listed

Accepted Answer

Both prilocaine and mepivacaine are useful local anesthetics without vasoconstrictors in dentistry.

Question 15

Which of the following should the dental hygienist consider prior to administering local anesthetic to a patient?
A) Need for posttreatment pain control
B) Length of the procedure
C) Patient's current health assessment
D) Need for hemostasis
E) All options listed

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following should the dental...

Question 16

Inflamed tissue experiences an increase in vascularity,slowing the onset of anesthetic action and decreasing the duration of anesthetic action;however,in healthy tissues the onset of action and the duration of action are more predictable.

Accepted Answer

Inflamed tissue has an increase in blood flow, which can lead to faster metabolism and elimination of the anesthetic, thus decreasing its duration of action. It can also take longer for the anesthetic to penetrate the tissue due to increased vascularity, which may slow the onset of action. In healthy tissues, the blood flow is more predictable and consistent, leading to a more predictable onset and duration of anesthetic action.

Question 17

Among local anesthetics procaine has the highest percentage of protein binding and is the most lipid soluble.

Accepted Answer

Procaine has relatively low protein binding and is less lipid-soluble compared to other local anesthetics like bupivacaine, which has higher protein binding and lipid solubility.

Question 18

Intermediate-action anesthetics are most commonly used for regular restorative dentistry and nonsurgical periodontal therapy.

Accepted Answer

Intermediate-action anesthetics, such as lidocaine, mepivacaine, and prilocaine, are the most commonly used anesthetics for regular restorative dentistry and nonsurgical periodontal therapy. They have a fast onset of action and a longer duration of action compared to short-acting anesthetics, making them ideal for these types of procedures.

Question 19

Name the only long-lasting local anesthetic available for use in dentistry.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the only long-lasting local anesthetic available...

Question 20

Epinephrine is the most commonly used anesthetic in the United States.

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine is not an anesthetic, but it is often added to local anesthetic solutions to help reduce bleeding and prolong the numbing effect. The most commonly used local anesthetics in the US include lidocaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine.

Quiz 5: Local Anesthetic Agents

What is the solution that is added to the cartridge of local anesthetic to prevent oxidation of the vasoconstrictor called?