The world's first and longest lasting professional civil service emerged in

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The world's first and longest lasting professional civil service emerged in China, where it was established during the Han dynasty in 206 BCE. The civil service exam system, which tested applicants on Confucian philosophy and literature, helped to ensure a merit-based selection process for government officials and produced a highly educated bureaucracy that remained in place for over 1300 years.

The World's First and Longest Lasting Professional Civil Service Emerged