Question 1

Measuring intelligence by testing is a rather new concept in the history of the world. The idea of such testing came from

Accepted Answer

The concept of measuring intelligence through testing originated in France, with Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon developing the first intelligence test in the early 20th century.

Question 2

The capacity to learn new ways to solve problems is called __________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence is the capacity to learn new ways to solve problems, think abstractly, and adapt to new situations. Aptitude refers to a natural ability or talent, abstract intelligence involves the ability to think deeply and creatively about complex ideas, and crystallized intelligence refers to knowledge and skills acquired through experience and education.

Question 3

Alfred Binet designed the first __________ test.

Accepted Answer

Alfred Binet designed the first intelligence test.

Question 4

Charles Spearman believed that intelligence is composed of

Accepted Answer

Charles Spearman believed that intelligence is composed of general intelligence and specific abilities. He argued that general intelligence, or "g" factor, is responsible for overall performance on cognitive tasks, while specific abilities were more specialized skills related to specific tasks. This theory is known as the two-factor theory of intelligence.

Question 5

Research has demonstrated that measures of sensory ability are not highly correlated with assessments of overall intelligence. These findings contradict Galton's and Cattell's claims about intelligence. Which principle of scientific thinking is relevant to their theory and these findings?

Accepted Answer

Falsifiability. Galton's and Cattell's claims about intelligence were based on the assumption that sensory ability is strongly correlated with overall intelligence. However, research has shown that this is not the case. This demonstrates the importance of falsifiability in scientific thinking, as theories and hypotheses must be able to be rigorously tested and potentially proven false through empirical evidence.

Question 6

The capacity to understand hypothetical concepts is called __________ thinking.

Accepted Answer

Abstract thinking refers to the ability to think about concepts and ideas that are not necessarily tied to concrete examples or experiences. It involves the ability to think in symbols, to see patterns and connections between ideas and objects, and to form and test hypotheses. Prospective thinking involves imagining possible future scenarios and planning for them, retrospective thinking involves reflecting on past experiences and learning from them, and intuitive thinking involves relying on gut instincts and unconscious processes to make decisions.

Question 7

According to Spearman, higher generalized intelligence corresponded to people who had

Accepted Answer

According to Spearman, higher generalized intelligence corresponds to people who have more mental energy or powerful brains. This concept is represented by Spearman's "g" factor, which refers to a person's overall intellectual ability.

Question 8

What term is used for the hypothetical factor that accounts for differences between people in overall intellect?

Accepted Answer

The term used for the hypothetical factor that accounts for differences between people in overall intellect is g or general intelligence. Option A refers to the ability to solve problems in novel situations, Option B refers to the acquisition of knowledge and skills through experience, and Option D refers to a numerical score on a standardized intelligence test.

Question 9

The original purpose of the first intelligence test was to

Accepted Answer

The original purpose of the first intelligence test, developed by Alfred Binet and Theodore Simon in the early 20th century, was to identify students who needed extra help in some areas. This was intended to support the French education system in providing appropriate educational resources and interventions for children who were not performing at the same level as their peers.

Question 10

In non-Western countries, laypeople view intelligence as reflecting __________ more than intellectual brilliance.

Accepted Answer

In non-Western countries, intelligence is often viewed as reflecting wisdom and judgment, rather than just intellectual brilliance or specific skills and abilities. This perspective places a greater value on practical knowledge and experience, and the ability to make good decisions based on that knowledge.

Question 11

According to Sir Francis Galton's 19^th century hypothesis, intelligence is

Accepted Answer

Galton hypothesized that intelligence is a by-product of sensory capacity, suggesting that people with more acute senses could process information from their environment more effectively, thus appearing more intelligent.

Question 12

Which scholars were credited with developing the first intelligence test?

Accepted Answer

The first intelligence test was developed by French psychologists Alfred Binet and Théodore Simon in 1905.

Question 13

The idea that intelligence varied according to g and s factors was proposed by

Accepted Answer

The idea that intelligence is composed of a general factor (g factor) and specific factors (s factors) was proposed by Charles Spearman, who developed the theory of factor analysis in the early 20th century. Galton was an early theorist in the field of intelligence and believed in the heritability of intelligence, while Cattell and Binet and Simon also contributed to the study of intelligence but did not propose the g and s factor theory.

Question 14

Galton's intelligence test items are to __________ as Binet and Simon's intelligence test items are to __________.

Accepted Answer

Galton's intelligence test items focused on basic sensory processes and simple reaction times, reflecting an emphasis on sensation. In contrast, Binet and Simon's intelligence test items were designed to assess higher mental processes, such as memory, attention, and problem-solving skills.

Question 15

Lucy has been blind from birth and is getting her intelligence tested through the school board to determine what resources she will need to succeed in school. According to Galton's original ideas about intelligence, Lucy would be expected to

Accepted Answer

Galton believed that intelligence was largely determined by sensory capabilities and that individuals with limited sensory abilities would also have limited intelligence. Therefore, based on Galton's ideas, Lucy would be expected to have limited intelligence due to her blindness from birth.

Question 16

Compared to Galton's 19^th century view of intelligence, how did Binet and Simon approach the measurement of intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Binet and Simon focused on the measurement of reasoning and judgement, which they believed were the key components of intelligence. They created tests that required problem-solving and abstract thinking, rather than just measuring factual knowledge or sensory abilities. This approach was a departure from Galton's belief in innate intelligence and the measurement of physical attributes like reaction time and sensory acuity.

Question 17

The cousin of Charles Darwin who was interested in the potential adaptive advantages of high intellect was

Accepted Answer

The cousin of Charles Darwin referred to in the question who was interested in the potential adaptive advantages of high intellect is Sir Francis Galton. Alfred Binet is known for his work on intelligence testing, Henri Simon is not a well-known name in cognitive psychology, and James Cattell was a psychologist who worked on intelligence testing but was not related to Darwin.

Question 18

Mark is trying to reason through several spatial problems on an intelligence test. According to Spearman, Mark's ability to solve the problems will depend on

Accepted Answer

According to Spearman's theory of intelligence, solving spatial problems requires general problem-solving ability and specific talents with spatial tasks, which are both components of his g factor of intelligence. Fluid or crystallized intelligence (A), multiple intelligences (B), and analytical intelligence and logical thought (D) may be involved but are not the primary factors according to this theory.

Question 19

According to Spearman, it is one's __________ intelligence that produces the positive correlations found between math, reading scores, and visual perception tests.

Accepted Answer

Spearman's theory of intelligence proposes the existence of a general intelligence factor (g-factor) that underlies all mental abilities. This g-factor is responsible for the correlations between different cognitive tasks, such as math, reading, and visual perception tests. Therefore, D) general intelligence is the correct answer. A) crystallized intelligence and B) fluid intelligence are types of intelligence proposed by Cattell and Horn, not Spearman. C) emotional intelligence is a separate construct from general intelligence and is not directly related to cognitive abilities.

Question 20

Which of the following theorists argued that intelligence resulted from a single ability and could be represented by a single test score?

Accepted Answer

Spearman argued that intelligence was a single ability that could be measured by a single test score. This is known as the "g factor," or general intelligence.

Quiz 9: Intelligence and Iq Testing

Measuring intelligence by testing is a rather new concept in the history of the world. The idea of such testing came from

The capacity to learn new ways to solve problems is called __________ intelligence.

Alfred Binet designed the first __________ test.

Charles Spearman believed that intelligence is composed of

Research has demonstrated that measures of sensory ability are not highly correlated with assessments of overall intelligence. These findings contradict Galton's and Cattell's claims about intelligence. Which principle of scientific thinking is relevant to their theory and these findings?

The capacity to understand hypothetical concepts is called __________ thinking.

According to Spearman, higher generalized intelligence corresponded to people who had

What term is used for the hypothetical factor that accounts for differences between people in overall intellect?

The original purpose of the first intelligence test was to

In non-Western countries, laypeople view intelligence as reflecting __________ more than intellectual brilliance.

According to Sir Francis Galton's 19^th century hypothesis, intelligence is

Which scholars were credited with developing the first intelligence test?

The idea that intelligence varied according to g and s factors was proposed by

Galton's intelligence test items are to as Binet and Simon's intelligence test items are to .

Lucy has been blind from birth and is getting her intelligence tested through the school board to determine what resources she will need to succeed in school. According to Galton's original ideas about intelligence, Lucy would be expected to

Compared to Galton's 19^th century view of intelligence, how did Binet and Simon approach the measurement of intelligence?

The cousin of Charles Darwin who was interested in the potential adaptive advantages of high intellect was

Mark is trying to reason through several spatial problems on an intelligence test. According to Spearman, Mark's ability to solve the problems will depend on

According to Spearman, it is one's __________ intelligence that produces the positive correlations found between math, reading scores, and visual perception tests.

Which of the following theorists argued that intelligence resulted from a single ability and could be represented by a single test score?

Quiz 9: Intelligence and Iq Testing

Measuring intelligence by testing is a rather new concept in the history of the world. The idea of such testing came from

The capacity to learn new ways to solve problems is called __________ intelligence.

Alfred Binet designed the first __________ test.

Charles Spearman believed that intelligence is composed of

Research has demonstrated that measures of sensory ability are not highly correlated with assessments of overall intelligence. These findings contradict Galton's and Cattell's claims about intelligence. Which principle of scientific thinking is relevant to their theory and these findings?

The capacity to understand hypothetical concepts is called __________ thinking.

According to Spearman, higher generalized intelligence corresponded to people who had

What term is used for the hypothetical factor that accounts for differences between people in overall intellect?

The original purpose of the first intelligence test was to

In non-Western countries, laypeople view intelligence as reflecting __________ more than intellectual brilliance.

According to Sir Francis Galton's 19th century hypothesis, intelligence is

Which scholars were credited with developing the first intelligence test?

The idea that intelligence varied according to g and s factors was proposed by

Galton's intelligence test items are to __________ as Binet and Simon's intelligence test items are to __________.

Lucy has been blind from birth and is getting her intelligence tested through the school board to determine what resources she will need to succeed in school. According to Galton's original ideas about intelligence, Lucy would be expected to

Compared to Galton's 19th century view of intelligence, how did Binet and Simon approach the measurement of intelligence?

The cousin of Charles Darwin who was interested in the potential adaptive advantages of high intellect was

Mark is trying to reason through several spatial problems on an intelligence test. According to Spearman, Mark's ability to solve the problems will depend on

According to Spearman, it is one's __________ intelligence that produces the positive correlations found between math, reading scores, and visual perception tests.

Which of the following theorists argued that intelligence resulted from a single ability and could be represented by a single test score?

According to Sir Francis Galton's 19^th century hypothesis, intelligence is

Galton's intelligence test items are to as Binet and Simon's intelligence test items are to .

Compared to Galton's 19^th century view of intelligence, how did Binet and Simon approach the measurement of intelligence?