Pavlov's dog salivates when the red light is on, but not when the green light is on. Skinner's cat runs away from barking dogs, but snuggles with relaxed dogs. Which of the following terms describes both of these behaviour patterns?

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Both scenarios demonstrate stimulus discrimination, which is the ability to differentiate between similar stimuli and respond differently to them. In Pavlov's experiment, the dog learned to discriminate between the red and green lights as cues for the presence or absence of food. In Skinner's experiment, the cat learned to discriminate between barking dogs (a potentially threatening stimulus) and relaxed dogs (a non-threatening stimulus) and respond appropriately. Discriminative stimulus refers specifically to a stimulus that signals the availability of reinforcement, while stimulus generalization is the tendency to respond similarly to similar stimuli, and extinction refers to the gradual disappearance of a learned response when the reinforcing stimulus is no longer presented.

Pavlov's Dog Salivates When the Red Light Is On, but Not