Question 1

Making mistakes that can lead to security vulnerabilities is also referred to as ______.

Accepted Answer

Making mistakes that can lead to security vulnerabilities is commonly a result of human error, such as failing to update software or using weak passwords. Malicious intent (A) involves a deliberate and harmful action taken by an individual, while interference (C) refers to intentional disruption or manipulation of a system. Espionage (D) involves stealing or obtaining secret information from an individual or organization.

Question 2

Identify the five dominant themes within the cybersecurity conceptualization literature. Which of these do you think is predominant in the conceptualization literature? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the five dominant themes within the...

Question 3

Malware is readily available for purchase and/or download.

Accepted Answer

Malware is often available for purchase on underground forums or can be downloaded from the internet.

Question 4

The Computer Security Act was one of the first legislations to advance the protection of federal computers.

Accepted Answer

The Computer Security Act was enacted in 1987 to improve the security and privacy of sensitive information stored in federal computer systems. It was one of the first laws passed to address the need for computer security in the U.S. government.

Question 5

According to the text, preparing for a cyberattack was a top priority for national security in the late 1980s.

Accepted Answer

In the late 1980s, the widespread concern and prioritization of preparing for a cyberattack as a matter of national security were not as pronounced as they are today. The internet and digital technologies were still in their infancy, and the full scope of cyber threats was not yet fully understood or anticipated by most governments and organizations.

Question 6

The creation of ______ has led to the creation of new hacking/fraudster built-in malware techniques that can target users via smartphones and tablets.

Accepted Answer

The creation of apps has led to the creation of new hacking/fraudster built-in malware techniques that can target users via smartphones and tablets. Apps are typically downloaded from app stores, which have become a favorite storefront for attackers to spread malware. This makes it easy for them to target specific user groups such as those who use certain apps or those who are searching for specific types of apps.

Question 7

White hat hackers work for private corporations to expose vulnerabilities in their security systems.

Accepted Answer

White hat hackers are ethical hackers who work for private corporations, government agencies, or security firms to identify vulnerabilities and improve cybersecurity measures. They use their hacking skills for constructive purposes and are not involved in any malicious activities.

Question 8

The aftermath of 9/11 led to an increase in cybersecurity strategies.

Accepted Answer

After the 9/11 attacks, there was a heightened awareness of national security, which led to increased efforts to protect critical infrastructure and information systems through cybersecurity strategies.

Question 9

Defining cybersecurity is not an issue in the academe.

Accepted Answer

Defining cybersecurity is an issue in the academe due to its rapidly evolving nature, interdisciplinary scope, and varying definitions across different fields and industries.

Question 10

Critical infrastructures include transportation, electrical grid system, and banking systems.

Accepted Answer

Critical infrastructures are defined as systems, assets, and networks that are essential for the functioning of a society and its economy. Examples of critical infrastructure include transportation, electrical grid system, and banking systems.

Question 11

The ______ technique, also referred to as a banking Trojan, operates in the background of the computer by modifying banking transactions.

Accepted Answer

The man-in-the-browser technique operates by modifying banking transactions in the background of the computer. It is also known as a banking Trojan. The man-in-the-middle technique intercepts communication between two parties, while WiFi eavesdropping refers to cyber criminals accessing wireless signals to steal sensitive information. The man-in-the-cloud technique involves hacking cloud storage services to gain access to data. None of these techniques specifically involve modifying banking transactions in the background of a computer.

Question 12

According to the text, network attacks are attractive because they can go undetected and the perpetrators are difficult to trace.

Accepted Answer

The text states that network attacks are attractive because they can go undetected and the perpetrators are difficult to trace.

Question 13

Identify and describe the two main forms of network-based attacks. How are they different? Use examples to differentiate the two.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify and describe the two main forms...

Question 14

The ______ technique targets file-sharing tools, such as Google Drive.

Accepted Answer

The man-in-the-cloud technique targets file-sharing tools, such as Google Drive.

Question 15

The National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center works alone in reducing the probability and the damage caused by cyberattacks.

Accepted Answer

The National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center works in collaboration with other government agencies, private sector organizations, and international partners to reduce the probability and impact of cyberattacks.

Question 16

Explain the difficulties in defining cybersecurity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the difficulties in defining cybersecurity....

Question 17

Identify the benefits of wireless technology and the associated risks/vulnerabilities.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify the benefits of wireless technology and...

Question 18

Describe the cybersecurity gap. Do you agree with the assertion of former Central Intelligence Agency director General Michael Hayden that there is a cybersecurity knowledge gap? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the cybersecurity gap. Do you agree...

Question 19

The ______ technique targets devices that can be connected, such as car alarms, thermostats, etc.

Accepted Answer

The man-in-the-IoT technique specifically targets devices that are part of the Internet of Things (IoT) and can be connected, such as car alarms and thermostats. The other options (man-in-the-cloud, man-in-the-browser, WiFi eavesdropping) are related to different types of attacks.

Question 20

The majority of critical infrastructure in the United States is owned by the public sector.

Accepted Answer

The majority of critical infrastructure in the United States is actually owned by the private sector. This includes things like energy grids, transportation systems, and communication networks. However, the public sector does play an important role in regulating and securing this infrastructure.

Quiz 2: What Is Cybersecurity