Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a reasonable explanation for the increase in the number of people in Australia and New Zealand who claim indigenous ancestry?

Accepted Answer

While changing attitudes toward indigenous cultures, a greater willingness by people to claim indigenous heritage, and higher rates of marriage between those of indigenous ancestry and European ancestry may all contribute to an increase in the number of people claiming indigenous ancestry, government subsidies offered to those of indigenous ancestry is not a reasonable explanation. This answer choice implies that people may be falsely claiming indigenous ancestry in order to receive financial benefits, which is not a fair assumption to make.

Question 2

Women are pursuing higher education and postponing marriage and childbearing until their thirties in all of the following countries EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Women are pursuing higher education and postponing...

Question 3

In general,which of the following is a recent trend in the lives of the women of Australia and New Zealand?

Accepted Answer

Access to jobs has improved for women in recent years in Australia and New Zealand, with increasingly more opportunities for women to enter traditionally male-dominated fields and positions. Gender equality is still an issue in the region, but there have been efforts to address this through policies and initiatives. Women are also still expected to perform housewife roles in many households, although there is a growing trend towards shared responsibilities within households. Women's role in government and policy making has actually increased in recent years, with both countries having female Prime Ministers in the past decade. Gender equality is not greater in the Pacific islands than in Australia and New Zealand. Therefore, option C is the correct option.

Question 4

Which statement best summarizes the role of women in Oceania?

Accepted Answer

Women in Oceania often have a strong role within the family and community, but gender equity is not uniform across the region. Australia and New Zealand tend to have more gender equality than other Pacific Island nations. Option A is incorrect as it is a deeply problematic and antiquated view of women. Option B is incorrect as women do not dominate politics and the economic system in all regions. Option D is incorrect as it paints a false and negative picture of the relationship between men and women in Oceania.

Question 5

Which statement is NOT true of Australia's Aborigines?

Accepted Answer

Today, a majority of the Aboriginal people do not practice their cultural traditions and do not live close to their ancient homelands.

Question 6

Which of the following statements provides the most accurate description of the composition of the populations of Australia and New Zealand since the 1990s?

Accepted Answer

Both Australia and New Zealand have seen an increase in ethnic diversity since the 1990s, with growing numbers of immigrants from countries such as China, India, and the Philippines. The proportion of people of European descent has not necessarily been increasing, and in fact, both countries have made efforts to embrace their diverse populations through policies of multiculturalism and Treaty of Waitangi settlements in New Zealand. The populations of indigenous peoples have been stable or growing slightly, with efforts to recognize and preserve their cultures and traditions. There has not been a decline in the percentage of Asians in either country.

Question 7

Which of the following groups of people did NOT emigrate to Australia and New Zealand after World War II?

Accepted Answer

Vietnamese refugees did not emigrate to Australia and New Zealand after World War II. Most Vietnamese refugees came to these countries after the end of the Vietnam War in 1975.

Question 8

Which statement best summarizes the island towns and capital cities of the Pacific islands?

Accepted Answer

Island towns and capital cities in the Pacific islands are often located in ecologically fragile zones, such as coastlines and volcanic areas. This can make them vulnerable to natural disasters and the effects of climate change. In addition, the high demand for land and housing in these areas has led to large numbers of squatters settling in informal settlements, often without access to basic services like electricity and sanitation.

Question 9

Which city is home to the world's largest Polynesian population?

Accepted Answer

Auckland is known to be home to the largest Polynesian population in the world, with over 200,000 people identifying as Polynesian.

Question 10

Which of the following best describes the population of the Pacific islands in comparison to New Zealand and Australia?

Accepted Answer

The passage states that the population of the Pacific islands is "younger" and "more rapidly growing" compared to New Zealand and Australia. It also mentions that the life expectancies in the Pacific islands are "in the 60s or early 70's," which aligns with option B.

Question 11

Which group of people came to Australia and New Zealand en masse in the 1970s?

Accepted Answer

Vietnamese refugees came en masse to Australia and New Zealand in the 1970s, fleeing the Vietnam War and its aftermath. Many were settled in government-funded housing and received support to integrate into their new countries.

Question 12

Which of the following figures represents the approximate total population of Oceania?

Accepted Answer

The approximate total population of Oceania is around 38 million, as most of the countries in Oceania have small populations. Option A is too small for that region and Option D is too large for any regional population. Option B is much higher than the actual population of Oceania.

Question 13

Which statement best summarizes the Maori today?

Accepted Answer

While some Maori land has been transferred back to Maori control, the Maori as a whole still have lower employment and lower education levels than the New Zealand population as a whole. Discrimination against Maori people still exists in some areas, but it is not accurate to say that they are a discriminated-against minority. There is no evidence to support the claim in option D that most of the Maori population has emigrated to the northern Mariana Islands. Option B is also incorrect, as not all of the Maoris' traditional lands have been restored by the government of New Zealand.

Question 14

Which statement best describes Oceania's trends in population?

Accepted Answer

According to United Nations data, Pacific Islanders have higher fertility rates than Australians and New Zealanders, leading to more rapidly growing populations. Additionally, some smaller island nations have experienced population decline due to emigration.

Question 15

Which statement is NOT true of women in Papua New Guinea and the Pacific islands?

Accepted Answer

The statement "Their economic efforts are strongly recognized and aided by banks" is not true. Women in Papua New Guinea and the Pacific islands often struggle to access financial services and loans from traditional banking systems.

Question 16

Which statement best summarizes population patterns in Oceania?

Accepted Answer

This statement summarizes the differences in population patterns between the more developed and developing countries in Oceania. The more developed countries, such as Australia and New Zealand, have urbanized, slowly growing populations, while the developing countries, such as Papua New Guinea and Fiji, have rural, younger, and rapidly growing populations.

Question 17

What major New Zealand city has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world?

Accepted Answer

Auckland has the largest Polynesian population of any city in the world, with a significant number of Pacific Islander (Samoan, Tongan, Niuean, Cook Islands, etc.) communities.

Question 18

The capital cities of the Pacific island nations are all found:

Accepted Answer

The capital cities of the Pacific island nations are all located on the coast. This is because most of the islands are small, and the majority of the populations live along the coastlines where the beaches and harbors provide access to fishing and transportation.

Question 19

Until the High Court voided such a view in 1993,what group of people was thought to have no prior claim to any land in Australia because they were considered to be "too primitive?"

Accepted Answer

Aborigines were thought to have no prior claim to any land in Australia because they were considered "too primitive" until the High Court voided such a view in 1993.

Question 20

Which phrase is used by Aborigines to describe the time of creation when the human spiritual connections to rivers,rocks,and deserts were made clear?

Accepted Answer

Dreamtime is the phrase used by Aborigines to describe the time of creation when the human spiritual connections to rivers, rocks, and deserts were made clear.

Quiz 11: Oceania: Australia, New Zealand, and the Pacific Epilogue: Antarctica