Question 1

Asthma affects an estimated __% of adults in the United States.

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

Airway resistance varies inversely to the ____ power of its radius.

Accepted Answer

According to Poiseuille's law, airway resistance is inversely proportional to the fourth power of its radius. This means that a small change in the radius of the airway can have a significant impact on airway resistance.

Question 3

Administration of ___________ for conscious sedation is a relative contraindication in asthmatic patients.

Accepted Answer

Barbiturates or opioids can depress respiratory function, which is a concern in asthmatic patients, making their use a relative contraindication for conscious sedation in these individuals.

Question 4

Intrinsic asthma:

Accepted Answer

Intrinsic asthma is usually triggered by nonallergic factors such as exercise, exposure to cold air, viral infections, and emotional stress. It typically develops in adults over the age of 35, unlike allergic asthma which often develops in childhood. Therefore, options B and C are correct.

Question 5

Asthma is commonly treated with nebulized:

Accepted Answer

Asthma is typically treated with beta-adrenergic agonists, which work to relax the smooth muscles in the airways and open up the constricted air passages. This helps to relieve the symptoms of asthma, such as wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Nebulized beta-adrenergic agonists are delivered directly into the lungs via a nebulizer, which converts the medication into a fine mist that can be inhaled. This method is particularly effective for people who have difficulty using a metered-dose inhaler properly or who require higher doses of medication.

Question 6

Which of the following dental local anesthetics is recommended for use with an asthmatic patient?

Accepted Answer

Lidocaine plain is recommended for use with an asthmatic patient because it does not contain epinephrine, which can potentially exacerbate asthma symptoms by causing bronchoconstriction in sensitive individuals.

Question 7

Bronchial smooth muscle tone is regulated by the ___ cranial nerve.

Accepted Answer

The regulation of bronchial smooth muscle tone is primarily controlled by the parasympathetic nervous system, which is mediated by the vagus nerve or the tenth cranial nerve.

Question 8

Asthmatic patients may be sensitive to the __________ contained in dental local anesthetic cartridges?

Accepted Answer

Bisulfite preservatives, commonly added to vasoconstrictors in dental local anesthetic cartridges, can cause bronchospasms and asthma attacks in patients with a sensitivity to sulfites.

Question 9

Which of the following is a correct definition of status asthmaticus?

Accepted Answer

Status asthmaticus is a severe and life-threatening form of asthma that does not respond to standard treatment. It is characterized by persistent bronchospasm despite the administration of two doses of bronchodilator. Choices B and C describe seizures and convulsions, respectively, which are not related to status asthmaticus. Choice D describes a rebound effect, which is not specific to status asthmaticus.

Question 10

Individuals with ______ asthma have histories of allergies.

Accepted Answer

Extrinsic asthma, also known as allergic asthma, is triggered by allergens such as pollen, dust mites, and animal dander. Individuals with this type of asthma have a personal or family history of allergies. Intrinsic asthma, on the other hand, is not related to allergies and is often associated with respiratory infections or emotional stress.

Question 11

For an asthmatic patient,inspiration is a/an________ process,and expiration a/an _________ process.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For an asthmatic patient,inspiration is a/an________ process,and...

Question 12

Which of the following is used by asthmatic patients to prevent acute episodes of bronchospasm?

Accepted Answer

Corticosteroids are a common medication used by asthmatic patients to prevent acute episodes of bronchospasm. They work by reducing inflammation in the airways and preventing the constriction of the muscles surrounding the airways. Albuterol and ephedrine inhalers are used for acute bronchospasm relief, while epinephrine inhalers are not commonly used for asthma management. Oxygen via face mask may be used to treat acute hypoxemia in severe asthma exacerbations, but it is not a preventative measure for bronchospasm.

Question 13

Acute asthma is characterized by:

Accepted Answer

Acute asthma is characterized by respiratory smooth muscle spasm, airway inflammation with edema, and mucus hypersecretion. Therefore, the best choice is D as it covers all three characteristics of acute asthma.

Question 14

Normally,inspiration is a/an________ process,and expiration a/an _________ process.

Accepted Answer

Normally, inspiration is an active process involving the diaphragm and intercostal muscles to draw air into the lungs, while expiration is generally a passive process where the lungs recoil to their resting state, expelling air.

Quiz 13: Asthma and Bronchospasm