In the Lotka-Volterra Competition Equations, the Parameter α₁₂ Relates to the

In the Lotka-Volterra competition equations, the parameter α₁₂ relates to the

A) population growth rate.
B) carrying capacity in the absence of competition.
C) carrying capacity in the presence of competition.
D) effect OF species 2 ON population growth rate OF species 1.
E) effect OF species 1 ON population growth rate OF species 2.