Question 1

Absence of lymph node involvement with cancer is an unfavorable sign.

Accepted Answer

Absence of lymph node involvement with cancer is a favorable sign as it means the cancer has not spread to nearby lymph nodes.

Question 2

Combining estrogen and progesterone may increase the risk of cancer.

Accepted Answer

False

Question 3

Ultraviolet light rays of the sun or tanning lights have an increased risk of causing the development of basal cell cancer.

Accepted Answer

Ultraviolet radiation from the sun or tanning lamps can increase the risk of developing basal cell carcinoma, which is the most common type of skin cancer.

Question 4

Basal and squamous cell skin cancer is almost always fatal.

Accepted Answer

Basal and squamous cell skin cancer are not almost always fatal. They are the most common types of skin cancer and have a high cure rate if detected and treated early. However, melanoma, another type of skin cancer, can be fatal if not detected and treated early.

Question 5

Local tissue invasion is the step that signifies a change from a precancerous neoplasm to a malignant one.

Accepted Answer

Local tissue invasion is a hallmark of malignant tumors, indicating the ability of cancer cells to invade surrounding tissues and organs. In contrast, precancerous neoplasms are generally confined to a specific area or layer of tissue and do not invade neighboring structures. Therefore, local tissue invasion is a key step in the progression of cancer from a precancerous state to a malignant one.

Question 6

A malignant neoplasm metastasizes to distant areas.

Accepted Answer

A malignant neoplasm, or cancer, has the ability to spread from its site of origin to distant areas in the body through the bloodstream or lymphatic system. This process is known as metastasis and is a common characteristic of cancer.

Question 7

Alcohol has not been proven to be a carcinogen,but some studies show a higher incidence of certain types of cancer in those who drink even moderate amounts.

Accepted Answer

While alcohol has not been classified as a known carcinogen, some research suggests a link between alcohol consumption and certain types of cancer, including breast, liver, and colon cancers. However, more research is needed to fully understand the relationship between alcohol and cancer.

Question 8

Cancers of the lung,breast,and colon are responsible for the majority of cancer deaths.

Accepted Answer

According to the American Cancer Society, lung, breast, and colorectal cancers are the top three deadliest cancers, responsible for the majority of cancer deaths.

Question 9

Cancer cells are all slow growing.

Accepted Answer

Cancer cells can grow at various speeds, some are slow and some are fast-growing. It depends on the type of cancer and the individual case.

Question 10

Hormones may cause cancer but may also be used to treat it.

Accepted Answer

Hormones such as estrogen can contribute to the development of breast cancer, but hormonal therapy can also be used to treat certain types of breast and prostate cancer.

Question 11

Dark-skinned people are at the greatest risk of developing skin cancer.

Accepted Answer

While people with darker skin tones are less likely to develop skin cancer than those with lighter skin, they can still be at risk if they have prolonged sun exposure, a personal or family history of skin cancer, or a weakened immune system. It is important for everyone, regardless of skin tone, to take measures to protect their skin from the harmful effects of the sun.

Question 12

Staging a tumor refers to the degree to which the tumor has spread.

Accepted Answer

Staging is the process of determining the extent and spread of a tumor within the body. It categorizes tumors into different stages based on factors such as size, location, and the presence of metastasis (spread to other organs). This information is important in determining the appropriate treatment plan and predicting the prognosis of the disease.

Question 13

When cancer has spread through the bloodstream,often the secondary cancer site is discovered first.

Accepted Answer

When cancer cells spread through the bloodstream, they can settle in different parts of the body and form new tumors, known as metastases. Sometimes the symptoms caused by these metastases are what lead to the diagnosis of cancer, and the primary tumor may not be discovered until later. Therefore, the secondary cancer site may be discovered first.

Question 14

Continued exposure to a carcinogen or to several carcinogens may increase or promote the abnormality of a cell.

Accepted Answer

Continued exposure to carcinogens can cause genetic mutations and promote the growth of abnormal cells, ultimately leading to cancer.

Question 15

Grading of tumors refers to the degree to which a tumor has spread.

Accepted Answer

Grading of tumors refers to the classification of the tumor cells based on their appearance and behavior under the microscope. This helps determine the aggressiveness of the tumor and how likely it is to spread. The spread of the tumor is determined by staging, not grading.

Question 16

The prognosis for the individual with a malignant neoplasm is best if the cancer is located and treated early.

Accepted Answer

Early detection and treatment of cancer can improve the chances of successful treatment and a better prognosis.

Question 17

Genetic alteration is the basis for the development of hyperplasias.

Accepted Answer

Hyperplasias are primarily caused by an increase in cell number due to stimulation or irritation, not directly by genetic alterations. Genetic alterations are more closely associated with neoplasias (tumors).

Question 18

An example of a hyperplasia is a skin callus on the foot.

Accepted Answer

A skin callus on the foot is an example of hyperplasia, which is the increase in the number of cells in a tissue or organ. In the case of a callus, repeated friction or pressure on the skin causes an overgrowth of cells in response to the stimulus.

Question 19

Cancer at the in situ stage cannot be avoided by surgical removal.

Accepted Answer

Cancer at the in situ stage is localized and has not spread to surrounding tissues, making it possible to be effectively removed by surgical procedures, thus potentially avoiding further progression of the disease.

Question 20

Damage related to smoking and tobacco use is limited to the lungs.

Accepted Answer

Damage related to smoking and tobacco use is not limited to the lungs. It also increases the risk of developing heart disease, stroke, and several types of cancer.

Quiz 3: Neoplasms