Which of the Following, Regarding Expansion and Colonialism, Was Not

Which of the following, regarding expansion and colonialism, was not portrayed as a sign of virility?

A) Actions were contrasted with the effeminacy of the colonized peoples.
B) The manliness of expansion was compared to the domestic passivity of European females.
C) Missionaries were usually men who brought their wives.
D) Masculine terms were used to describe expansionistic or exploring exploits.
E) The writings of Mary Kingsley