Therapy outcome research that tests how well a therapy works in highly controlled settings with a narrowly defined group of people is said to test the ________ of a therapy, while therapy outcome research that tests how well a therapy works in real-world settings is said to test the ________ of a therapy.

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The first part of the statement refers to efficacy research, which tests the effectiveness of a therapy under highly controlled settings and with narrowly defined populations. This is done to ensure internal validity, or the degree to which a study's results reflect the true relationship between the variables being studied. The second part of the statement refers to effectiveness research, which tests the effectiveness of a therapy in real-world settings. This is done to ensure external validity, or the degree to which a study's results can be generalized to real-world settings and populations. Therefore, B is the best choice because it correctly defines efficacy and effectiveness research.

Therapy Outcome Research That Tests How Well a Therapy Works