Question 1

A client recovering from a recent stroke is having difficulty with speech,memory,and movement of the extremities on the left side of the body.The nurse explains to the family that which area of the CNS has most likely been affected by the stroke?

Accepted Answer

The cerebrum is responsible for speech, memory, and movement control, making it the most likely area affected by a stroke presenting with these symptoms. The limbic system is responsible for emotion and motivation, the cerebellum for coordination and balance, and the thalamus for sensory input and relay.

Question 2

The nurse is instructing a client on the characteristics of central nervous system medications.Which characteristic should be included in this teaching?

Accepted Answer

The ability of medications to cross the blood-brain barrier is a key characteristic of central nervous system medications. This barrier selectively allows certain substances to enter the brain and protects it from harmful substances. Understanding this characteristic is important in understanding how central nervous system medications work in the body. The other options listed (neurotransmitters, function of a neuron, location of synapses) are related to the central nervous system but do not specifically pertain to characteristics of medications.

Question 3

The nurse is concerned that a client taking an antipsychotic medication is experiencing extrapyramidal side effects.For which effects should the nurse notify the health care provider?

Accepted Answer

Muscular spasms of the head and neck are indicative of dystonia, which is a serious extrapyramidal side effect that requires immediate attention from the healthcare provider. The other options listed are common side effects of antipsychotic medications and do not necessarily require immediate intervention.

Question 4

A client is treated in the emergency department for an overdose of cocaine.The nurse monitors the client based on the knowledge that cocaine affects which item?

Accepted Answer

Cocaine affects dopamine receptors in the brain, causing an increase in dopamine release and leading to the euphoric effects of the drug. This can also lead to addiction and other negative outcomes. Monitoring for these effects is important in the care of a person who has overdosed on cocaine.

Question 5

A client with depression and a sleep disorder is prescribed a central nervous system medication.The nurse will expect to assess which effects of this medication in the client? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The expected effects of central nervous system medication for a client with depression and a sleep disorder include improved mood and improved sleep pattern. Activation of the fight-or-flight response, onset of seizures, and increased pain levels are not expected effects and may indicate adverse reactions to the medication.

Question 6

The client is receiving a medication that alters the utilization of glutamate,therefore risking an increase in glutamate levels in the CNS.The nurse should evaluate for which manifestation of high glutamate levels?

Accepted Answer

Signs of neurotoxicity, such as seizures, confusion, and cognitive impairment, may occur with high levels of glutamate in the CNS. Blurred vision and dry mouth are not typically associated with glutamate levels while ataxia and tremors may occur with low levels of glutamate.

Question 7

A client is prescribed a serotonin supplement.For which disorder(s)is this neurotransmitter replacement indicated? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client is prescribed a serotonin supplement.For...

Question 8

The nurse is taking care of a client who has been in the intensive care unit (ICU)for 10 days.Which nursing action would cause a decrease in stimulation of the reticular activating system?

Accepted Answer

Keeping the door closed and the lights dim would decrease stimulation of the reticular activating system by reducing environmental stimuli. Bathing and eliminating activities, allowing family visits, and turning on the television would increase stimulation of the reticular activating system.

Question 9

A client tells the nurse about taking a medication that affects the central nervous system but cannot recall the name of the drug.When assessing the client,it would be appropriate for the nurse to ask about which possible symptoms?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A client tells the nurse about taking...

Question 10

A client,prescribed an antidepressant for symptoms of depression,is expressing feelings of hopelessness and thoughts of suicide.The nurse's response will be based on which conclusion?

Accepted Answer

Antidepressants can have a wide range of effects on individuals due to the variability in how each person's central nervous system (CNS) responds to these medications. This can include differences in therapeutic effects and side effects.

Question 11

A client admitted to the hospital with a possible brain tumor has symptoms of increased thirst and hunger,despite an increase in weight,and complains of feeling cold all the time.Which region of the CNS system most likely has been affected?

Accepted Answer

The hypothalamus, located in the brain, plays a crucial role in regulating thirst, hunger, body temperature, and weight. Dysfunction in the hypothalamus can lead to increased thirst and hunger despite weight gain, as well as feeling cold all the time. Other symptoms of hypothalamic dysfunction may include sleep disturbances, mood changes, and hormonal imbalances.

Question 12

A client with Parkinson disease is prescribed a medication that affects a particular central nervous system neurotransmitter.Which neurotransmitter is the medication acting on to treat the symptoms of Parkinson disease?

Accepted Answer

Parkinson's disease is characterized by a deficiency in the neurotransmitter dopamine. Medications used to treat Parkinson's disease, such as levodopa, act by increasing the availability of dopamine or by acting as dopamine agonists. Dopamine is one of several neurotransmitters affecting the central nervous system, and the medication used for Parkinson's disease specifically impacts the dopaminergic system.

Question 13

A client is found to have a reduction in the amount of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.The nurse realizes this client is prone to developing which health problems? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Myasthenia gravis is associated with a reduction in acetylcholine receptors, and Alzheimer disease is linked to a decrease in acetylcholine levels in the brain, both of which involve the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

Question 14

The nurse recognizes the action of psychotherapeutic medications is mediated by which processes? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse recognizes the action of psychotherapeutic...

Question 15

A client is prescribed medication to treat bipolar disorder.Which statement indicates the client understands the medication regimen?

Accepted Answer

Option A is incorrect because medication cannot cure a bipolar disorder. Option B is incorrect because taking medication only when one remembers to is not an effective regimen. Option D is incorrect because there are several medications available to treat bipolar disorder. Option C is the best choice because it indicates the client understands that medication may improve their symptoms but not necessarily cure the disorder completely.

Question 16

The family of a client who has a tumor deep in the brain is concerned about the client's demonstration of aggression and anger over the last few months.Which response by the nurse is the most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should explain to the family that the location of the tumor in a deep area of the brain may be affecting the areas of the brain that regulate emotional expression, leading to the client's aggression and anger. This can help the family understand and empathize with the client's situation. Options A, B, and D do not address the underlying physiological explanation for the client's behavior.

Question 17

Which statements describe the function of the central nervous system synapse? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The central nervous system synapse can have both inhibitory and excitatory effects on neurons. It can suppress or inhibit firing (A), inhibit the release of a neurotransmitter (B), release an inhibitory neurotransmitter that suppresses conduction (C), or stimulate or activate firing (D). It does not serve as the primary functioning cell within the nervous system (E).

Question 18

The nurse is instructing a client on the effects of a medication on the neurons and synapses within the nervous system.What should the nurse teach about the characteristics of a synapse? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is instructing a client on...

Question 19

A client newly diagnosed with depression is given a prescription for an antidepressant.The nurse understands that the medication prescribed affects which neurotransmitter that is associated with anxiety,impulsive behavior,and suicidal ideation?

Accepted Answer

Serotonin is the neurotransmitter associated with anxiety, impulsive behavior, and suicidal ideation. Antidepressants work by increasing the availability of serotonin in the brain, which can improve mood and decrease symptoms of depression.

Question 20

A client is admitted with a spinal cord injury.Which clinical manifestations does the nurse anticipate upon assessment? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Paresthesia (abnormal sensations, such as tingling or numbness) and paralysis (loss of motor function) are common clinical manifestations of a spinal cord injury. Jerky body movements, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and drowsiness are not typically associated with this type of injury.

Quiz 17: Review of the Central Nervous System