All of these are included in the calculation of nitrogen balance EXCEPT:

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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Musculoskeletal composition is not included in the calculation of nitrogen balance as it is not a direct measure of nitrogen intake and loss. Nitrogen balance is the difference between nitrogen intake (primarily from dietary protein) and nitrogen excretion (primarily through urine and feces, but also through skin, sweat, and hair). By comparing nitrogen intake and excretion, it is possible to determine if an individual's protein needs are being met. Musculoskeletal composition may indirectly influence nitrogen balance through changes in lean body mass, but it is not directly measured or included in the calculation.

All of These Are Included in the Calculation of Nitrogen