Question 1

Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose is a polysaccharide made up of repeating units of β-glucose. α-Glucose, fructose, sucrose, and α-maltose are all monosaccharides or disaccharides.

Question 2

Glycine,H₂NCH₂COOH,can polymerize via a condensation reaction.What simple molecule is a byproduct of this polymerization reaction?

Accepted Answer

In a condensation reaction that forms a polymer, a small molecule is usually produced as a byproduct. In this case, the small molecule is water (H2O), which is formed by the removal of an H from the amino group (NH2) of one glycine molecule and an OH from the carboxyl group (COOH) of another glycine molecule. The remaining atoms then combine to form a covalent bond, resulting in the polymerization of glycine. Therefore, the correct choice is D, H₂O, which represents water.

Question 3

Which one of the following polymers is made by a condensation reaction?

Accepted Answer

Poly(ethylene terephthalate), commonly known as PET, is made by a condensation reaction between ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid. This reaction involves the elimination of a small molecule, such as water or an alcohol, from the reactants to form the polymer. Teflon is made by a polymerization reaction, while polyethylene, polystyrene, and polyvinyl chloride are made by addition reactions.

Question 4

Using the acid dissociation constants for glycine (K_a1 = 4.6 × 10−³ and K_a2 = 2.5 × 10−¹⁰),calculate the [Z]/[C⁺] ratio at pH 1.00.(Z = Zwitterion,C⁺ = fully protonated cation)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using the acid dissociation constants for glycine...

Question 5

What is the monomer used to make the following polymer?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the monomer used to make...

Question 6

When a diamine reacts with a dicarboxylic acid,a ____ is formed?

Accepted Answer

When a diamine reacts with a dicarboxylic acid, a polyamide is formed. This type of reaction is called a condensation reaction and the resulting polymer has repeating amide (CONH) linkages in its chain.

Question 7

The general formula of a carbohydrate is ____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The general formula of a carbohydrate is...

Question 8

Teflon is made from the addition reaction of ____.

Accepted Answer

Teflon is made from the polymerization of tetrafluoroethylene (C2F4), which corresponds to choice E.

Question 9

Sucrose is commonly known as ____.

Accepted Answer

Sucrose is another name for table sugar. Aspartame, Splenda, NutraSweet, and saccharine are all artificial sweeteners.

Question 10

The reaction between an amine and a carboxylic acid is a condensation.What small molecule is formed as a byproduct of this reaction?

Accepted Answer

In a condensation reaction between an amine and a carboxylic acid, an amide is formed, and water (H₂O) is released as a byproduct.

Question 11

Which of the following statements concerning cellulose is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Cellulose actually contains unbranched chains of thousands of glucose molecules, not 50-300.

Question 12

The polymerization of 1,2-dichloroethylene,CHClCHCl,will yield which of the following polymers?

Accepted Answer

The polymerization of 1,2-dichloroethylene yields polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), which is represented by the monomer 11eac50a_b2d1_0970_b234_c72fefcfd71b_TB7574_00. This corresponds to choice B.

Question 13

Polyacrylonitrile is an addition polymer made from the acrylonitrile monomer,CH₂CHCN.How many monomer units are in a polyacrylonitrile polymer that has a molar mass of 8.33 × 10⁴ g/mol?

Accepted Answer

The molar mass of acrylonitrile (CH2=CHCN) is approximately 53.06 g/mol. To find the number of monomer units in the polymer, divide the molar mass of the polymer by the molar mass of the monomer: $8.33 \times 10^{14} \, \text{g/mol} \div 53.06 \, \text{g/mol} = 1.57 \times 10^{13}$.

Question 14

For an amino acid,proton transfer occurs from the carboxylic acid group to the amine group.The resulting species,which has both a +1 and a −1 charge,is called a(n)_____ .

Accepted Answer

A zwitterion is a molecule that has both positive and negative charges, but overall has a neutral charge. In the case of amino acids, the carboxylic acid group donates a proton to the amine group, resulting in a zwitterion with a positive charge on the amino group and a negative charge on the carboxyl group. This zwitterion is important in the chemistry of proteins, which are made up of amino acids.

Question 15

Which of the following statements concerning starch is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

Amylose and amylopectin, the two components of starch, are both composed of α-glucose polymers. The difference between them lies in their structure (amylose being linear and amylopectin being branched), not in the type of glucose polymer.

Question 16

PVC is a stiff,rugged polymer made from the addition reaction of ____.

Accepted Answer

PVC stands for polyvinyl chloride, which is made from the addition reaction of vinyl chloride monomer (CH2=CHCl). The correct chemical formula for PVC is (CH2=CHCl)n, where n is the degree of polymerization (number of repeating units). Therefore, the only answer choice that includes the correct monomer for PVC is C, which is CH2=CHCl.

Question 17

How many of the 20 common α-amino acids are considered "essential" (i.e. ,required by humans for protein construction).

Accepted Answer

There are 10 essential amino acids that humans must obtain from their diet because the body cannot synthesize them. These are histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, and arginine (conditionally essential).

Question 18

Which amino acid contains no chiral carbon atoms?

Accepted Answer

Glycine is the only amino acid that does not have a chiral carbon atom. Its R group is simply a hydrogen atom, making it the most basic of all amino acids.

Question 19

Fructose is

Accepted Answer

Fructose is a monosaccharide found in honey and fruit juices.

Question 20

Which of the following molecules will react with oxalic acid to produce a polymer with the following repeating unit?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following molecules will react...

Quiz 23: Organic Polymers, natural and Synthetic

Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

Glycine,H₂NCH₂COOH,can polymerize via a condensation reaction.What simple molecule is a byproduct of this polymerization reaction?

Which one of the following polymers is made by a condensation reaction?

Using the acid dissociation constants for glycine (K_a1 = 4.6 × 10−³ and K_a2 = 2.5 × 10−¹⁰) ,calculate the [Z]/[C⁺] ratio at pH 1.00.(Z = Zwitterion,C⁺ = fully protonated cation)

What is the monomer used to make the following polymer?

When a diamine reacts with a dicarboxylic acid,a ____ is formed?

The general formula of a carbohydrate is ____.

Teflon is made from the addition reaction of ____.

Sucrose is commonly known as ____.

The reaction between an amine and a carboxylic acid is a condensation.What small molecule is formed as a byproduct of this reaction?

Which of the following statements concerning cellulose is INCORRECT?

The polymerization of 1,2-dichloroethylene,CHClCHCl,will yield which of the following polymers?

Polyacrylonitrile is an addition polymer made from the acrylonitrile monomer,CH₂CHCN.How many monomer units are in a polyacrylonitrile polymer that has a molar mass of 8.33 × 10⁴ g/mol?

For an amino acid,proton transfer occurs from the carboxylic acid group to the amine group.The resulting species,which has both a +1 and a −1 charge,is called a(n) _____ .

Which of the following statements concerning starch is INCORRECT?

PVC is a stiff,rugged polymer made from the addition reaction of ____.

How many of the 20 common α-amino acids are considered "essential" (i.e. ,required by humans for protein construction) .

Which amino acid contains no chiral carbon atoms?

Fructose is

Which of the following molecules will react with oxalic acid to produce a polymer with the following repeating unit?

Quiz 23: Organic Polymers, natural and Synthetic

Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

Glycine,H2NCH2COOH,can polymerize via a condensation reaction.What simple molecule is a byproduct of this polymerization reaction?

Which one of the following polymers is made by a condensation reaction?

Using the acid dissociation constants for glycine (Ka1 = 4.6 × 10−3 and Ka2 = 2.5 × 10−10) ,calculate the [Z]/[C+] ratio at pH 1.00.(Z = Zwitterion,C+ = fully protonated cation)

What is the monomer used to make the following polymer?

When a diamine reacts with a dicarboxylic acid,a ____ is formed?

The general formula of a carbohydrate is ____.

Teflon is made from the addition reaction of ____.

Sucrose is commonly known as ____.

The reaction between an amine and a carboxylic acid is a condensation.What small molecule is formed as a byproduct of this reaction?

Which of the following statements concerning cellulose is INCORRECT?

The polymerization of 1,2-dichloroethylene,CHClCHCl,will yield which of the following polymers?

Polyacrylonitrile is an addition polymer made from the acrylonitrile monomer,CH2CHCN.How many monomer units are in a polyacrylonitrile polymer that has a molar mass of 8.33 × 104 g/mol?

For an amino acid,proton transfer occurs from the carboxylic acid group to the amine group.The resulting species,which has both a +1 and a −1 charge,is called a(n) _____ .

Which of the following statements concerning starch is INCORRECT?

PVC is a stiff,rugged polymer made from the addition reaction of ____.

How many of the 20 common α-amino acids are considered "essential" (i.e. ,required by humans for protein construction) .

Which amino acid contains no chiral carbon atoms?

Fructose is

Which of the following molecules will react with oxalic acid to produce a polymer with the following repeating unit?

Glycine,H₂NCH₂COOH,can polymerize via a condensation reaction.What simple molecule is a byproduct of this polymerization reaction?

Using the acid dissociation constants for glycine (K_a1 = 4.6 × 10−³ and K_a2 = 2.5 × 10−¹⁰) ,calculate the [Z]/[C⁺] ratio at pH 1.00.(Z = Zwitterion,C⁺ = fully protonated cation)

Polyacrylonitrile is an addition polymer made from the acrylonitrile monomer,CH₂CHCN.How many monomer units are in a polyacrylonitrile polymer that has a molar mass of 8.33 × 10⁴ g/mol?