Question 1

Most parents suffer from empty-nest syndrome when their youngest child leaves home.

Accepted Answer

While some parents do experience feelings of loss or sadness when their youngest child leaves home, not all parents suffer from empty-nest syndrome. Reactions vary widely among individuals, with some parents actually experiencing positive changes, such as increased freedom and opportunities for personal growth.

Question 2

Newborn children do not know that it is necessary to eat to survive. They turn their head toward stimuli that prod or stroke the cheek, chin, or corner of the mouth. This is termed rooting.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Newborn children have a reflex called rooting which causes them to turn their head towards stimuli that prod or stroke the cheek, chin, or the corner of the mouth. This reflex helps them find the nipple and begin nursing. However, they may still need to learn how to suck properly to obtain sufficient nourishment.

Question 3

People are at the height of their cognitive powers during early adulthood.

Accepted Answer

According to research, cognitive abilities, including memory, attention, and problem-solving, typically peak between the ages of 18 and 30. However, some research suggests that certain cognitive abilities, such as emotional intelligence, continue to develop and improve throughout adulthood.

Question 4

According to Piaget, the __________ is the second stage of cognitive development in children.

Accepted Answer

The preoperational stage is the second stage of cognitive development according to Piaget. This stage occurs between the ages of two and seven, during which children develop symbolic thought and language abilities but still struggle with logical reasoning and understanding of conservation.

Question 5

If you are reading this academic text, you are most likely in the emerging adulthood period of development. Emerging adulthood means roughly spanning the ages of 18 to 25, during which many young people attend college and graduate school, sort out identity issues, and create life plans.

Accepted Answer

The paragraph explicitly states that if you are reading this academic text, you are most likely in the emerging adulthood period of development, which spans roughly from 18 to 25 years of age. It also mentions that during this period, many young people attend college and graduate school, sort out identity issues, and create life plans.

Question 6

Which of the following is true of estrogen production in females?

Accepted Answer

Estrogen stimulates the growth of tissue in the hips during puberty, resulting in a wider hip-to-waist ratio.

Question 7

With age, there are very large declines in memory function, and these changes can never be reversed.

Accepted Answer

While memory function may decline with age, there are strategies that can be used to improve and maintain memory function, such as practicing good sleep habits, exercising regularly, staying mentally stimulated, and managing stress. Additionally, research has shown that older adults can still form new memories and can improve their memory skills with training and practice.

Question 8

The beginning of menstruation, or menarche, usually occurs between 11 and 14.

Accepted Answer

This is generally true, although it can occur as early as age 8 or as late as age 16.

Question 9

In boys, pituitary hormones stimulate the testes to increase the output of __________, which in turn causes enlargement of the penis and testes and the appearance of body hair.

Accepted Answer

Pituitary hormones stimulate the testes to increase the output of testosterone, which is responsible for the development of secondary sexual characteristics in boys, such as the enlargement of the penis and testes and the appearance of body hair. Insulin, cortistatin, and oxytocin do not play a direct role in male sexual development.

Question 10

By the end of the first trimester of fetal development during pregnancy, formation of all the major organ systems is complete.

Accepted Answer

By the end of the first trimester (approximately 12 weeks) of fetal development, formation of all the major organ systems is complete. However, these organs will continue to develop and mature throughout the remainder of the pregnancy.

Question 11

It's normal for adolescents to see themselves as the center of attention and assume that other people are also preoccupied with their appearance and behavior. This is termed an imaginary audience.

Accepted Answer

This is a common phenomenon in adolescence, wherein individuals tend to believe that their actions are being closely observed by others and that they are the center of attention. This imaginary audience can lead to self-consciousness and anxiety in social situations.

Question 12

Prior to six months of age, infants realize that objects removed from sight still exist and try to find them. They show object permanence, which makes it possible to play peekaboo.

Accepted Answer

Infants typically start to develop object permanence around 4 to 7 months of age, not prior to six months. Before this development, they do not understand that objects continue to exist when they cannot see them.

Question 13

Girls can become pregnant immediately after menarche.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Girls can become pregnant immediately after menarche....

Question 14

A feature of crystallized intelligence is that it does not increase throughout the life span.

Accepted Answer

Crystallized intelligence, which refers to accumulated knowledge and skills, can continue to increase throughout the lifespan with ongoing learning and experiences.

Question 15

Research shows that children of authoritarian parents have greater self-reliance, self-esteem, social competence, and achievement motivation than other children.

Accepted Answer

Research actually consistently shows that children of authoritarian parents are more likely to have lower self-esteem, poorer social skills, and less self-reliance. Though they may have higher achievement motivation, this can come at a cost to their mental and emotional wellbeing.

Question 16

At the postconventional level of adolescence, moral judgements are derived from authority figures.

Accepted Answer

At the postconventional level of adolescence, moral judgements are not solely derived from authority figures, but rather from an individual's own internalized principles and values. This stage involves a recognition that there are differing opinions and moral codes in society, and an individual's personal values may conflict with traditional societal norms or laws.

Question 17

Ainsworth and her colleagues identified three major types of attachment: secure attachment, avoidant attachment, and ambiguous/resistant attachment.

Accepted Answer

Ainsworth and her colleagues identified three major types of attachment: secure attachment, avoidant attachment, and ambivalent/resistant attachment, not ambiguous/resistant attachment.

Question 18

According to Piaget's stages of development, when children are in the concrete operational stage, they are more egocentric than when they are in the preoperational stage.

Accepted Answer

According to Piaget's stages of development, children in the concrete operational stage have developed the ability to see things from multiple perspectives and understand that others may have different beliefs or perspectives than their own. This suggests that they are less egocentric than children in the preoperational stage, who are unable to take another person's point of view into account.

Question 19

Vygotsky's sociocultural theory focuses instead on the ways in which children's cognitive development is influenced by the cultures. Key concepts in Vygotsky's theory include the zone of proximal development and scaffolding.

Accepted Answer

Vygotsky's sociocultural theory indeed focuses on the influence of culture on cognitive development and includes concepts such as the zone of proximal development and scaffolding.

Question 20

Which of the following is not a characteristic of middle adulthood?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not a...

Quiz 9: The Voyage Through the Life Span