Regardless of how treatment was assigned, what can be assumed about what the difference in the average outcomes of the treated and untreated groups is equal to?
A) Effect of the treatment on the treated + Selection Bias
B) Effect of the treatment on the treated
C) Average treatment effect (ATE)
D) (ETT)

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The difference in the average outcomes of the treated and untreated groups can be assumed to equal the effect of the treatment on the treated plus any selection bias. This is because the observed difference not only captures the causal effect of the treatment but also any pre-existing differences between those who were treated and those who were not, which is referred to as selection bias.

Regardless of How Treatment Was Assigned, What Can Be Assumed