Question 1

Describe what happened to slaves once they reached America and how planters attempted to acculturate them to their new surroundings.

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Question 2

Which New England church was supported by taxes paid by all residents in the eighteenth century?

Accepted Answer

In colonial New England, the Congregational Church was established and supported by taxes paid by all residents, regardless of their religious beliefs. This system was known as the "established church," and it remained in place until the early 19th century. The Catholic Church and Anglican Church were not widely established in New England at the time, and there was no such thing as a "Deist Church."

Question 3

What was the Great Awakening?

Accepted Answer

The Great Awakening was a religious revival movement that spanned across the American colonies from the 1730s to the 1740s. It emphasized the importance of personal religious experience, emotional connection to God, and the rejection of traditional religious hierarchies. It was centered on Protestantism, and aimed to revitalize Christian faith and belief.

Question 4

"And now, after the Father has been killed, the Mission burned, its many and valuable furnishings destroyed, together with the sacred vessels, its paintings, its baptismal, marriage, and funeral records, and all the furnishings for the sacristy, the house, and the farm implements-now the forces [of soldiers] of both presidios [nearby] come together to set things right. . . . What happened was that before they set about reestablishing the Mission, they wanted to . . . lay hands on the guilty ones who were responsible for the burning of the Mission, and the death of the Fathers, and chastise them. The harassed Indians rebelled anew and became more enraged. . . . And so the soldiers there are gathered together in their presidios, and the Indians in their state of heathenism. . . . But . . . what can be gained by campaigns [against the rebellious Indians]? Some will say to frighten them and prevent them from killing others. What I say is that, in order to prevent them from killing others, keep better guard over them than they did over the one who has been killed; and, as to the murderer, let him live, in order that he should be saved-which is the very purpose of our coming here, and the reason which justifies it."
What main argument did Father Junípero Serra give for sparing the Indians who destroyed the Spanish Mission San Diego de Alcalá?

Accepted Answer

Father Junípero Serra argued that sparing the Indians who destroyed the mission would allow them to be saved and become Christians.

Question 5

Eighteenth-century colonial America was characterized by a rapidly growing, diverse population. Identify the two major sources of this growth and diversity and the major ethnic and racial groups that contributed to this diversity. Explain the way in which this population shift changed the demographic profile of the American colonies from 1670 to 1770.

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Question 6

Describe the reciprocal nature of the trading relationship between Indians and colonists along settlement frontiers during the eighteenth century and identify the dilemma this relationship created for the Indians.

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Question 7

Although the societies of New England, the middle colonies, and the southern colonies grew increasingly differentiated during the eighteenth century, colonists throughout British North America shared certain unifying experiences. Identify three of these experiences and briefly explain how they unified the colonists.

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Question 8

Why did colonial governors have difficulty gaining the trust and respect of influential colonists?

Accepted Answer

Colonial governors had difficulty gaining the trust and respect of influential colonists because their terms of office averaged just five years. This meant that they did not have enough time to build strong relationships and gain a deep understanding of the local issues and concerns of the colonists. As a result, they were often seen as outsiders who did not have the best interests of the colonies at heart.

Question 9

How often did most eighteenth-century colonists go to church?

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Question 10

The slave rebellion at Stono, South Carolina, was not followed by any similar uprisings during the colonial period. Describe the actions of the slaves, explain how the rebellion was suppressed, and identify the long-term consequences of this rebellion.

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Question 11

What was the status of colonial assemblies by 1720?

Accepted Answer

By 1720, colonial assemblies had gained the power to initiate important legislation. This was a significant development in colonial politics, as it allowed for the colonial governments to have more power and control over their own affairs. While the assemblies still had to contend with the authority of the British crown and its governors, this was an important step towards greater independence and self-governance.

Question 12

What was the largest group of non-Christians in eighteenth-century North America?

Accepted Answer

Slaves were the largest group of non-Christians in eighteenth-century North America, as they were largely brought over from Africa and forced into slavery. The Hurons were a Native American tribe, some of whom were Christianized by French missionaries in the seventeenth century. Southerners were not a non-Christian group but rather a regional group within North America. Indentured servants were largely European immigrants who worked to pay off their passage to the New World and were not necessarily non-Christian.

Question 13

Provide evidence that supports the following statement: Demographically, communities in New England during the eighteenth century were more homogeneous than communities in the middle and southern colonies.

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Question 14

By which process was a resident of an African village transformed into a southern colonial slave? What mortality rate and possible causes of death did slaves face during the trip to America?

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Question 15

Which statement characterizes colonial deists?

Accepted Answer

Colonial deists believed in God, but believed that God's laws could be discovered through science and reason, rather than relying solely on divine revelation or religious authority. They believed that the natural world provided evidence of God's existence and believed in a rational, benevolent God who did not intervene in human affairs.

Question 16

Why did Spanish officials decide to build forts and missions on New Spain's northern frontier during the eighteenth century?

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Question 17

Prominent colonists in the plantation South and in cities such as Charleston, New York, and Philadelphia belonged to which church?

Accepted Answer

Prominent colonists in the plantation South and in cities such as Charleston, New York, and Philadelphia belonged to the Anglican Church, also known as the Church of England. The Anglican Church was the established church in colonial Virginia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, and part of New York.

Question 18

What role did religion play in eighteenth-century American society? Explain how the role of religion was shaped by the Enlightenment. How was it also shaped by the Great Awakening?

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Question 19

During the eighteenth century, American colonists exhibited a distinctively dual identity as both loyal British subjects and as American colonists who acted in their own best interests. Cite an example of each side of this dual identity and explain why the colonists were able to resist British interference in some instances.

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Question 20

Identify the stipulations of the agreements that enabled redemptioners to immigrate to the middle colonies.

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Quiz 5: Colonial America in the Eighteenth Century