Question 1

Andre focuses on winning the prize for the best essay on civil disobedience.He believes that he will be happy if he wins.Andre has a

Accepted Answer

Andre's focus on winning the prize for the best essay indicates a performance motivation, as he is driven by the desire to achieve a specific outcome or goal. This is different from mastery motivation, which is a focus on improving one's own skills and abilities, and a competitive orientation, which is a focus on outperforming others. There is no indication of a fixed mindset in this scenario.

Question 2

Rod's science teacher has a list of objectives that must be met for the year,but they can be met by completing many different types of assignments.The teacher allows the students to select the projects that interest them,and the students set their own goals and make their own plans to reach them.According to research,Rod is likely to

Accepted Answer

Allowing students to have choice and autonomy in their learning has been shown to increase motivation and engagement, leading to higher achievement gains. This approach, known as student-centered learning, allows students to choose assignments that match their interests and learning style, leading to more meaningful and personalized learning experiences.

Question 3

Research has shown that adolescents show two distinct responses to difficult or challenging circumstances.One is mastery orientation and the other is

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that adolescents typically exhibit a mastery orientation or a helpless orientation when faced with challenging situations. Mastery orientation involves tackling challenges head-on with the belief that effort will lead to improvement, while helpless orientation is characterized by giving up easily or avoiding challenges due to a belief that one's abilities are fixed and cannot improve.

Question 4

Self-determination,curiosity,challenge,and effort are all ________ in adolescents' motivation.

Accepted Answer

Self-determination, curiosity, challenge, and effort are all internal factors that drive an individual's motivation, which means they fall under the category of intrinsic factors. Extrinsic factors are external rewards or punishments that drive motivation, while cognitive factors refer to mental processes such as thinking, perception, and learning. Incentives can be either intrinsic or extrinsic, depending on how they are perceived by the individual.

Question 5

Perceived causes of outcomes are known as

Accepted Answer

Perceived causes of outcomes are known as attributions.

Question 6

Rewards and punishments are ________ in adolescents' motivation.

Accepted Answer

Rewards and punishments are considered extrinsic factors because they are external reinforcements used to influence behavior in individuals. Adolescents may be motivated by the promise of a reward or deterred by the threat of a punishment, but these factors do not necessarily stem from their own intrinsic motivation or cognitive processes.

Question 7

Stephanie's biology class had to go to the computer and follow a set of directions that guided them through the steps that a surgeon would use to do open-heart surgery.While most of her classmates thought it was a fun assignment.Stephanie says,"I'm horrible at these computer simulations," even though she has done them in other classes and done well.Stephanie is showing a

Accepted Answer

Stephanie is displaying a helpless orientation, which means she believes that her abilities are fixed and she cannot improve them through effort or practice. This is evident by her statement, "I'm horrible at these computer simulations," despite having done well in similar assignments before. It is not related to a phobia about the human body or fear of computers, and there is no information to suggest a negative orientation.

Question 8

Professor Daube teaches Theories of Personality.He has his students analyze the song lyrics of famous songwriters,past and present,and see if they can determine the writers' specific personality traits based on their writings.According to research,Professor Daube's students should ________ than students who are taught Theories of Personality by lectures only.

Accepted Answer

By analyzing song lyrics and trying to determine specific personality traits of songwriters, Professor Daube's students are likely to be more cognitively engaged with their learning compared to students who only receive lectures. This is because analysis and interpretation of song lyrics require greater participation and active thinking from the students.

Question 9

Which of the following statements regarding intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

It is true that both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation are at work in students' lives, and that parents and teachers should encourage students to become intrinsically motivated. However, it is also important to recognize that extrinsic motivation can be a useful strategy when used appropriately, such as when providing rewards for achieving certain goals. Therefore, option D, which includes all of these choices, is the most accurate answer.

Question 10

Whitney gets an A- on her science test on ecology.She studied for several afternoons with a group of classmates and she says that the test was difficult but fair.Whitney's explanation for her good test grade is an example of

Accepted Answer

Whitney is attributing her good grade to her own effort and abilities, which is an example of an internal attribution.

Question 11

Justin is extremely goal-oriented,optimistic,and driven.Carol Dweck would say that Justin has a

Accepted Answer

Carol Dweck's theory distinguishes between a fixed mindset and a growth mindset. Those with a growth mindset believe that their abilities can be developed through dedication and hard work. Justin's goal-oriented, optimistic, and driven behavior suggests that he believes in personal growth and development, indicating a growth mindset. Therefore, the correct answer is A.

Question 12

Carol Dweck refers to the cognitive view that individuals develop for themselves as their

Accepted Answer

Carol Dweck refers to the cognitive view that individuals develop for themselves as their "mindset."

Question 13

Encouraging self-determination through personal choice in the classroom has been shown to be related to all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Encouraging self-determination through personal choice in the classroom has been shown to be related to intrinsic motivation, engagement in academic activities, and overall academic achievement. While there may be some indirect connection to parents and peers through increased engagement and motivation, it is not a direct outcome of promoting self-determination through personal choice.

Question 14

Kayla,an honors student,received a C+ on her report on Pearl Harbor.She says that the teacher doesn't like her because she is an atheist and her teacher is a very religious woman.She believes that she received a low grade because of this dislike.Kayla is making ________ about the cause of her low paper grade.

Accepted Answer

Kayla is making an external attribution by attributing her low grade to factors outside of her own control, specifically to her teacher's personal feelings towards her based on religious differences.

Question 15

Which psychological approaches stress the importance of intrinsic motivation in achievement?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic approaches, such as self-determination theory and Maslow's hierarchy of needs, emphasize the role of intrinsic motivation in achievement. They suggest that individuals who are motivated by internal factors, such as personal growth and fulfillment, will be more successful and satisfied than those who are motivated solely by external rewards or pressures.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT true of adolescents and achievement?

Accepted Answer

Achievement in adolescence is influenced by a variety of factors, including not only intellectual abilities but also social and emotional factors such as motivation, perseverance, and goal-setting. Therefore, it is not accurate to say that achievement is solely due to their intellectual abilities.

Question 17

Which of the following statements related to mastery and performance learning is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

Mastery and performance goals are not mutually exclusive. Students can have both types of goals and they may work together to motivate learning and success.

Question 18

Mrs.Hynes meets with Devon to discuss his low grade in her class.Educational psychologists recommend getting adolescents to attribute their poor performance to internal factors.Which of the following statements by Devon would indicate to Mrs.Hynes that he has this concept?

Accepted Answer

Option C indicates that Devon understands that his poor grade in the class is due to his own lack of effort and not due to external factors. He takes responsibility for not putting enough time into studying. The other options suggest that the poor grade is due to factors outside his control.

Question 19

Adolescents with a performance orientation are focused on

Accepted Answer

Adolescents with a performance orientation are focused on winning and achieving success, often at the expense of skill development, self-efficacy, and accountability. They may engage in behaviors such as cheating and taking shortcuts to get ahead, as their primary goal is to come out on top.

Question 20

Liam does not have as high an IQ as his twin brother,but Liam persists at his tasks and has confidence that he will be able to solve life's problems.According to research,we can predict

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that adaptive motivational patterns, such as persistence and confidence, can lead to high achievement even in individuals with lower IQs. Therefore, it is possible that Liam may be a successful high achiever despite not having as high an IQ as his twin brother.

Quiz 11: Achievement, work, and Careers