Question 1

Restorative justice is especially concerned with repairing the harm to the _____.

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Question 2

Francis T. Cullen and Paul Gendreau have called for _____.

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Question 3

The use of imprisonment or other means to reduce an offender's capability to commit future crimes is called _____.

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Question 4

The conditional release of a prisoner, prior to completion of the imposed sentence, under the supervision of a parole officer is called _____.

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Question 5

The idea that actions are motivated primarily by a desire to experience pleasure and avoid pain is called _____.

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Question 6

_____ literally means "paying back" the offender for what he or she has done.

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Question 7

Robert Martinson evaluated rehabilitation programs nationwide and concluded that _____.

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Question 8

Payments made by a criminal offender to his or her victim as compensation for the harm caused by the offense are called _____.

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Question 9

The use of individual punishment to dissuade others from committing crimes is called _____.

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Question 10

The process of changing criminal lifestyles into law-abiding ones by "correcting" the behavior of offenders through treatment, education, and training is called _____.

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Question 11

The concept of just deserts de-emphasizes the _____ component of revenge.

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Question 12

Sentences that are required by law under certain circumstances are referred to as _____.

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Question 13

According to the text, for punishment to be effective as a deterrent, it must be _____, _____, and _____.

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Question 14

The punishment philosophy that holds that criminal offenders are morally blameworthy and deserving of punishment is called _____.

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Question 15

The discouragement or prevention of crimes through the fear of punishment is called _____.

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Question 16

The process of returning to their previous condition all those involved in or affected by crime, including victims, offenders, and society, is called _____.

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Question 17

If you punish a person seeking to change that person's behavior, it is called _____.

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Question 18

New punishment options developed to fill the gap between traditional probation and traditional jail or prison sentences and to better match the severity of punishment to the seriousness of the crime are known as _____.

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Question 19

The process of making an offender a productive member of the community is called _____.

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Question 20

The concept of deterrence is _____ oriented.

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Quiz 3: Sentencing: to Punish or to Reform