When the outcome of an inferential statistical test is said to have statistical significance we would conclude that the observed results are most likely due to

Question

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Statistical significance means that the observed results are unlikely to occur by chance alone (usually defined as having a probability of less than 5%). Therefore, we can conclude that the treatment (or factor being studied) had a significant effect on the outcome. Choices A and B are incorrect because statistical significance indicates that error and chance are not likely to be the explanation for the results. Choice D is partially correct, but a more accurate explanation is that the results are unlikely to be due to chance.

When the Outcome of an Inferential Statistical Test Is Said