A congenital lack of formation of major portions of the brain is anencephaly.

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Anencephaly is a rare birth defect characterized by incomplete development of the brain, skull, and scalp. It is a type of neural tube defect and is caused by the failure of the neural tube to close during fetal development. Babies with anencephaly are born without major portions of the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, cerebellum, and brainstem.

A Congenital Lack of Formation of Major Portions of the Brain