Question 1

The biomedical model focuses on ________; the biopsychosocial model focuses on ________.

Accepted Answer

The biomedical model focuses on illness, treating diseases as malfunctions in the body's systems. The biopsychosocial model, however, considers both health and illness, incorporating psychological and social factors along with biological conditions in understanding a person's medical condition.

Question 2

Which of the following sets of factors of illness and health does the biopsychosocial model emphasize?

Accepted Answer

The biopsychosocial model emphasizes the interplay between biological, psychological, and social factors in illness and health. Choice A includes two of these factors (psychological and sociological) but leaves out the biological factor. Choice B only includes psychological and genetic factors. Choice D only includes sociological and biomedical factors, leaving out the psychological aspect.

Question 3

Who was the first to describe the fight-or-flight syndrome?

Accepted Answer

Walter Cannon was the first to describe the fight-or-flight response in 1915 in his book "Bodily Changes in Pain, Hunger, Fear, and Rage".

Question 4

Walter Cannon is to ________ as Hans Selye is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Walter Cannon is known for his work on the fight-or-flight response, while Hans Selye is known for his work on the general adaptation syndrome. Therefore, the best choice is D.

Question 5

Which of the following is not true of the fight-or-flight response?

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response is most useful as a response to short-term threats, such as encountering a predator or facing a sudden danger. It is not meant to be maintained for long periods of time, as it can have detrimental effects on the body. Option A is true as the fight-or-flight response helps organisms respond rapidly to threats. Option B is also true as prolonged activation of the response can cause harm. Option C is true as Walter Cannon first described the fight-or-flight response in the 1920s.

Question 6

Selye calls the predictable sequence of reactions which organisms show in response to stressors the

Accepted Answer

Selye specifically used the term "general adaptation syndrome" to describe the series of physiological responses animals undergo in response to stressors. While the other answer choices may be related to stress responses, they are not the specific term used by Selye.

Question 7

A stressor is

Accepted Answer

A stressor is a stimulus or event that places a demand on an organism for adaptation or readjustment. It can be either positive or negative and is not limited to a particular type of force or event. Examples of stressors include new job responsibilities, social interactions, physical injuries, and financial difficulties. Stressors can be acute, short-term events or chronic, ongoing situations that require ongoing coping strategies.

Question 8

What is the term for stimuli or events that place a demand on an organism for adaptation or readjustment?

Accepted Answer

The term for stimuli or events that place a demand on an organism for adaptation or readjustment is stressors.

Question 9

Dr. Paul holds the view that the health and illness of people are influenced by all the forces in the environment, personal habits and experiences, and the individual's life history and genetics. Her view would be most consistent with

Accepted Answer

Dr. Paul's belief that health and illness are influenced by multiple factors is consistent with the biopsychosocial model, which takes into account biological, psychological, and social factors. The other options do not fully encompass the breadth of factors that Dr. Paul believes influence health and illness.

Question 10

Which of the following was associated with the general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The general adaptation syndrome was first identified and described by Hans Selye in the 1930s. David Holmes is not associated with this concept. Walter Cannon is known for his work on the fight or flight response, which is a different physiological response to stress. Richard Lazarus is known for his work on cognitive appraisal and stress, but not specifically the general adaptation syndrome.

Question 11

What is the field of psychology that is devoted to understanding psychological influences on how people stay healthy, why they become ill, and how they respond when they do become ill?

Accepted Answer

Health psychology is the field of psychology that focuses on how psychological factors influence health and illness. It aims to understand how people make health-related decisions and how they cope when they become ill.

Question 12

Fight-or-flight response is to ________ as general adaptation syndrome is to ________.

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response is a reaction to immediate stress or danger, while the general adaptation syndrome is a response to long-term stress. Therefore, the best choice is D.

Question 13

The biopsychosocial model emphasizes

Accepted Answer

The biopsychosocial model emphasizes the interconnection between biological, psychological, and social factors in understanding health and wellness, rather than focusing solely on illness or prioritizing one aspect over the others. Therefore, the best choice is D, which accurately reflects the model's holistic approach to health.

Question 14

Which of the following is not one of the stages of the general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The three stages of the general adaptation syndrome are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. There is no stage called "recovery."

Question 15

The sympathetic nervous system controls the

Accepted Answer

The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, which involves the body's physiological reaction to a perceived threat or danger. This includes increased heart rate, breathing rate, and adrenaline release. The other options do not accurately describe the function of the sympathetic nervous system.

Question 16

The rapidity with which the organism can respond to the fight-or-flight response makes it

Accepted Answer

The fight-or-flight response is an adaptive response that helps organisms react quickly to potentially dangerous situations. The rapidity with which the response occurs is an important part of this adaptiveness.

Question 17

Benjamin has selected a career in which he will study the habits of people when they become ill. He is especially interested in how they can be taught to follow instructions from their physician and speed the recovery from illness. Benjamin is most likely planning to become

Accepted Answer

Benjamin's interest in studying how people can be taught to follow instructions from their physician and speed the recovery from illness indicates a focus on health psychology, which involves understanding how psychological factors can impact physical health and illness.

Question 18

Which of the following is the physiological and psychological response to a condition that threatens or challenges the individual and requires some form of adaptation or adjustment?

Accepted Answer

The physiological and psychological response to a condition that threatens or challenges the individual and requires some form of adaptation or adjustment is known as stress. Options A, B, and C may be related to stress, but they do not accurately encompass the full definition of stress.

Question 19

The biomedical model emphasizes

Accepted Answer

The biomedical model focuses on illness rather than health, and its main premise is that illness is caused by biological factors. It does not take into account psychosocial factors, such as social and environmental influences, emotional states, or the impact of behavior on health.

Question 20

Which of the following is not one of the three stages of Selye's general adaptation syndrome?

Accepted Answer

The three stages of Selye's general adaptation syndrome are alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. Response is not one of the stages.

Quiz 12: Health and Stress

The biomedical model focuses on ; the biopsychosocial model focuses on .