Question 1

The chief private entrepreneur of California's wartime shipbuilding industry was
A)Henry J.Kaiser.
B)Glenn L.Martin.
C)Donald Douglas.
D)T.Claude Ryan.

Accepted Answer

The chief private entrepreneur of California's wartime shipbuilding industry was Henry J. Kaiser, who oversaw the construction of over 1,400 ships during World War II through his company, the Kaiser Shipbuilding Corporation.

Question 2

In the Hirabayashi,Korematsu,and Endo cases,the U.S.Supreme Court
A)ordered the closure of the relocation camps.
B)refused to rule on the constitutionality of relocation.
C)ordered a halt to harassment of Japanese Americans.
D)upheld the Japanese evacuation policy.

Accepted Answer

The U.S. Supreme Court upheld the Japanese evacuation policy in the Hirabayashi, Korematsu, and Endo cases, ruling that the need to protect against espionage and sabotage from Japanese Americans outweighed their individual rights. The Court did not order the closure of the relocation camps or a halt to harassment of Japanese Americans. In fact, the Court's decisions in these cases were later recognized as a shameful violation of civil liberties.

Question 3

The head of the Western Defense Command in San Francisco was
A)Owen J.Roberts.
B)John L.DeWitt.
C)Douglas MacArthur.
D)Earl Warren.

Accepted Answer

John L. DeWitt was the head of the Western Defense Command in San Francisco during World War II.

Question 4

The first daily schedule airline passenger service in the United States was established by
A)the Loughead ("Lockheed")brothers.
B)William Boeing.
C)T.Claude Ryan.
D)Donald Douglas.

Accepted Answer

T. Claude Ryan established the first daily scheduled airline passenger service in the United States with his company, Ryan Airlines, in 1925.

Question 5

The wartime slogan "Americans All" was adopted by
A)Japanese Americans.
B)African Americans.
C)German Americans.
D)Mexican Americans.

Accepted Answer

The slogan "Americans All" was adopted by Mexican Americans during World War II to emphasize their contributions and loyalty to the United States.

Question 6

The Western Defense Command's order for all Japanese Americans to migrate voluntarily inland was
A)protested by communities in the interior.
B)opposed by President Franklin Roosevelt.
C)overturned by the Supreme Court as a violation of "equal protection" and "due process."
D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

Communities in the interior protested against the voluntary migration of Japanese Americans, fearing economic competition and cultural differences. This resistance was part of the broader context of wartime hysteria and racial prejudice. President Franklin Roosevelt actually authorized the executive order that led to the internment, and the Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of the internment in the 1944 case Korematsu v. United States, rather than overturning it.

Question 7

The segregated "Tiger Brigade" was a wartime unit of
A)Filipino Americans.
B)African Americans.
C)Mexican Americans.
D)Korean Americans.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The segregated "Tiger Brigade" was a wartime...

Question 8

At the time,the United States government's evacuation of Japanese Americans was based on the argument of
A)"military necessity."
B)proven Japanese attempts to invade the mainland.
C)consistency with the policy of evacuating Japanese Americans in Hawaii.
D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

The government argued that the evacuation of Japanese Americans was necessary for military reasons. They claimed that Japanese Americans posed a security risk and could potentially aid Japan in their efforts to invade the US. There was no actual evidence of this, but it was used as the justification for the evacuation. The other options (B and C) are not accurate as there was no proof of Japanese attempts to invade the mainland and the policy in Hawaii was different from what was done on the mainland.

Question 9

The bulk of capital for the wartime shipbuilding industry came from entrepreneur Henry J.Kaiser.

Accepted Answer

The bulk of capital for the wartime shipbuilding industry came primarily from the U.S. government, which funded and oversaw the construction of ships to support the war effort during World War II. Henry J. Kaiser was a significant figure in this industry, utilizing government contracts to build ships rapidly.

Question 10

The wartime term "Double V" referred to hopes for a
A)victory over the enemy abroad and over racism at home.
B)return to full employment after the victory overseas.
C)retention of women in high-paying positions after the war.
D)doubling of health benefits for defense workers.

Accepted Answer

The term "Double V" was popularized during World War II and stood for victory over both the Axis powers abroad and racism at home. It was a rallying cry for African Americans who wanted to fight for their country but also sought to end discrimination and segregation in the United States.

Question 11

The African American sailors who refused to return to duty at Port Chicago were
A)denounced as "treasonous cowards" at their court martial.
B)acquitted of mutiny.
C)later granted early retirement with full benefits.
D)shunned by the NAACP.

Accepted Answer

The African American sailors who refused to return to duty at Port Chicago were denounced as "treasonous cowards" at their court martial. This was a result of their refusal to work under the same unsafe conditions that had led to a deadly explosion at the Port Chicago Naval Magazine in California during World War II.

Question 12

The official history of The United States Army in World War II blamed relocation on
A)the "abysmal incompetence" of Roosevelt's advisors.
B)"formidable pressure" from west coast civilians.
C)the record of Japanese American sabotage and espionage.
D)rival factions within the United States Navy.

Accepted Answer

The official history of The United States Army in World War II suggested that relocation was a result of "formidable pressure" from west coast civilians, who were fearful of Japanese sabotage and espionage after the attack on Pearl Harbor. While there was no evidence of widespread sabotage or espionage among Japanese Americans, the Army used their presence on the west coast as a justification for their forced removal and confinement in internment camps. The blame was not placed on Roosevelt's advisors, the record of Japanese American sabotage and espionage, or rival factions within the United States Navy.

Question 13

Profits for California aircraft companies during World War II were
A)limited to the Douglas Company.
B)nearly 60 percent of all manufacturing profits in the state.
C)criticized by many Californians as being excessive.
D)small.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Profits for California aircraft companies during World...

Question 14

At the peak of wartime production,unemployment in California was
A)slightly reduced from the levels of the 1930s.
B)reduced to a rate of about 5 percent.
C)reduced to a rate of 2 percent.
D)eliminated--there was now a labor shortage.

Accepted Answer

During the peak of wartime production, there was a high demand for labor in California. This led to the elimination of unemployment in the state, as there was a shortage of workers to fill the numerous job opportunities available.

Question 15

At the wartime Kaiser shipyards in Richmond,women made up what proportion of the work force?
A)less than one tenth
B)more than a quarter
C)over half
D)about three quarters

Accepted Answer

During World War II, the Kaiser shipyards in Richmond saw a significant increase in female workers due to the labor shortage caused by men going off to fight in the war. Women made up more than a quarter of the workforce, taking on roles that were traditionally held by men. This was part of a broader national trend where women entered the workforce in large numbers to support the war effort, symbolized by the iconic figure of Rosie the Riveter.

Question 16

The largest single concentration of wartime aircraft production was in
A)Oakland and Richmond.
B)Los Angeles.
C)San Jose
D)the sheltered inland San Joaquin Valley.

Accepted Answer

Los Angeles was the largest single concentration of wartime aircraft production during World War II, with major companies like Lockheed and Douglas having significant manufacturing facilities in the area. This region became a critical center for the production of aircraft due to its existing industrial base, skilled workforce, and favorable climate.

Question 17

By the time of America's entry into World War II in 1941,the California economy had already made a major recovery from the great depression.

Accepted Answer

The answer of By the time of America's entry into...

Question 18

Most of the Japanese Americans evacuated to "relocation centers" were
A)enemy aliens.
B)American citizens.
C)Issei.
D)aliens ineligible for naturalization.

Accepted Answer

Most of the Japanese Americans evacuated to "relocation centers" were American citizens who had been born in the United States or had become naturalized citizens.

Question 19

The most apparent effect of federal spending during the early 1940s was the
A)wartime expansion of manufacturing.
B)abrupt shrinkage of private industrial production.
C)increase in government-owned manufacturing plants.
D)removal of factories and refineries from the vulnerable coastal zone.

Accepted Answer

Federal spending during the early 1940s was primarily aimed at funding the war effort, which led to a significant expansion of manufacturing to support the military. This is evident in the increase in government contracts for weapons and supplies, as well as the creation of new manufacturing facilities and the conversion of existing plants for wartime production.

Question 20

Federal spending in California during World War II
A)had little effect on the manufacturing of ships and airplanes.
B)was disproportionately low when compared with other states.
C)raised total personal income to more than three times its pre-war figure.
D)never exceeded $1 billion per year.

Accepted Answer

During World War II, federal spending in California was significant and helped raise total personal income to more than three times its pre-war figure. This was due to the state's booming defense industry, which employed millions of workers and produced ships, airplanes, and other war supplies.

Quiz 27: Wartime Growth and Problems

The chief private entrepreneur of California's wartime shipbuilding industry was

In the Hirabayashi,Korematsu,and Endo cases,the U.S.Supreme Court

The head of the Western Defense Command in San Francisco was

The first daily schedule airline passenger service in the United States was established by

The wartime slogan "Americans All" was adopted by

The Western Defense Command's order for all Japanese Americans to migrate voluntarily inland was

The segregated "Tiger Brigade" was a wartime unit of

At the time,the United States government's evacuation of Japanese Americans was based on the argument of

The bulk of capital for the wartime shipbuilding industry came from entrepreneur Henry J.Kaiser.

The wartime term "Double V" referred to hopes for a

The African American sailors who refused to return to duty at Port Chicago were

The official history of The United States Army in World War II blamed relocation on

Profits for California aircraft companies during World War II were

At the peak of wartime production,unemployment in California was

At the wartime Kaiser shipyards in Richmond,women made up what proportion of the work force?

The largest single concentration of wartime aircraft production was in

By the time of America's entry into World War II in 1941,the California economy had already made a major recovery from the great depression.

Most of the Japanese Americans evacuated to "relocation centers" were

The most apparent effect of federal spending during the early 1940s was the

Federal spending in California during World War II