Question 1

A young child has thoughts about hating her younger brother and wishing he would die. She becomes very anxious about these thoughts because she has developed the idea that if anything really happened to him, it would be her fault. This pattern of thinking is called .

Accepted Answer

Thought-action fusion is the phenomenon of thinking that having a negative thought about something increases the likelihood of it happening in reality. In this case, the child is experiencing anxiety because she believes that thinking negatively about her brother increases the likelihood of something bad happening to him and that she would be responsible for it.

Question 2

Tony has thoughts about hating his younger brother and wishing he would die. He becomes very anxious about these thoughts because he has developed the idea that if anything really happened to his brother, it would be his fault. For no explainable reason, Tony starts mentally counting by odd numbers each time he walks past his brother's room and discovers that this activity makes him less anxious. Tony's behavior can be described as

Accepted Answer

Tony's behavior of counting by odd numbers is a mental compulsion developed to neutralize his bad thoughts. This is a common symptom of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), where individuals engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts to alleviate anxiety caused by unwanted, intrusive thoughts.

Question 3

Discuss the different types of specific phobias and how they are acquired.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the different types of specific phobias...

Question 4

What happens when people with OCD attempt to neutralize or suppress disturbing, intrusive thoughts?

Accepted Answer

When people with OCD attempt to neutralize or suppress disturbing, intrusive thoughts, research has shown that the frequency of the obsessive thoughts actually increases. This is because the act of suppressing or neutralizing the thoughts actually reinforces the idea that the thoughts are important or dangerous, perpetuating the cycle of obsession and compulsion.

Question 5

The model of the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder suggests that in order for an individual to develop OCD, __________ must be present.

Accepted Answer

The model of the etiology of obsessive-compulsive disorder suggests that in order for an individual to develop OCD, both biological and psychological vulnerabilities must be present. This means that there is a genetic predisposition or biological vulnerability that makes a person more susceptible to developing OCD. Additionally, there are psychological vulnerabilities, such as high levels of anxiety or the tendency to engage in negative or irrational thinking, that can also contribute to the development of OCD.

Question 6

Normal, ordinary people who have occasional intrusive thoughts with bizarre, sexual, or aggressive content would not be considered to have OCD unless they find the thoughts unacceptable or even dangerous and also

Accepted Answer

The statement mentions that normal, ordinary people who have occasional intrusive thoughts would not be considered to have OCD unless they find the thoughts unacceptable or even dangerous. Option C describes the reaction to such thoughts that are typical for individuals with OCD. The other options do not directly relate to the criteria for diagnosing OCD.

Question 7

Research studies have shown that combining exposure and ritual prevention (ERP) with medication when treating patients with OCD

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research studies have shown that combining exposure...

Question 8

In regard to pharmacological treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder, the most effective drugs are those that inhibit the reuptake of the neurotransmitter called .

Accepted Answer

The most effective drugs for treating OCD are those that inhibit the reuptake of serotonin, a neurotransmitter that is involved in regulating mood and anxiety levels. These drugs are called selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and include medications like fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), and fluvoxamine (Luvox). SSRIs increase the levels of serotonin in the brain, which can help alleviate symptoms of OCD.

Question 9

During a panic attack, Steve ("Abnormal Psychology Live" CD), said that he felt all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

The answer of During a panic attack, Steve ("Abnormal Psychology...

Question 10

In regard to a type of thinking pattern found in some patients with OCD, which of the following would be an example of thought-action fusion?

Accepted Answer

Thought-action fusion refers to a tendency to believe that having a certain thought is morally equivalent to carrying out the action suggested by the thought. Believing that thinking about an abortion is the moral equivalent of having an abortion is an example of thought-action fusion.

Question 11

Describe the symptoms, causes, and treatment of panic disorder and the three categories of panic attack.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the symptoms, causes, and treatment of...

Question 12

In OCD, certain types of obsessions lead to certain types of compulsions. From the following, choose the one that is a correct match between an obsession and its consequent rituals.

Accepted Answer

Sexual obsessions in OCD often lead to compulsive checking behaviors. This can include checking to ensure one hasn't harmed others or acted inappropriately, reflecting the anxiety and doubt that characterize OCD.

Question 13

During the interview with Chuck ("Abnormal Psychology Live" CD), he stated that he experienced obsessive thoughts

Accepted Answer

Chuck stated that he experienced obsessive thoughts all the time.

Question 14

Define generalized anxiety disorder, and discuss how it differs from panic attacks.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define generalized anxiety disorder, and discuss how...

Question 15

The behavioral process in which OCD patients are not permitted to carry out their compulsions while in the presence of the anxiety producing stimulus or situation is called

Accepted Answer

The described behavioral process is known as exposure and ritual prevention (ERP) and is a common treatment method for OCD. It involves exposing the individual to their anxiety-producing stimulus or situation and then preventing them from carrying out their compulsive behavior, thus breaking the cycle of obsessions and compulsions. Thought-stopping technique and anxiety reduction therapy are other types of behavioral interventions but not specifically used for OCD treatment. Behavioral inhibition conditioning is a type of therapy used for anxiety disorders characterized by avoidance behaviors.

Question 16

Overall it can be concluded that the combination of medical and psychological interventions for anxiety work

Accepted Answer

The answer of Overall it can be concluded that the...

Question 17

According to research studies reported in the textbook, people with OCD who hold fundamentalist religious beliefs often present

Accepted Answer

Research studies have shown that people with OCD who hold fundamentalist religious beliefs often present attitudes of inflated responsibility, meaning they believe they are responsible for preventing harm or negative outcomes even when the likelihood of such outcomes is low. This belief can fuel obsessive thoughts and compulsive behaviors in order to prevent harm or negative outcomes. However, this does not necessarily mean that they exhibit both checking and hoarding rituals, have a reduced sense of responsibility for their actions, or have non-equivalence of obsessive thoughts and compulsive actions.

Question 18

Which of the following is an example of the treatment technique for OCD called exposure and ritual prevention (ERP)?

Accepted Answer

Exposure and ritual prevention (ERP) involves exposing the individual to feared situations or objects while preventing them from engaging in their usual compulsive behaviors. In this scenario, Carrie's therapist is having her touch dirty laundry but not allowing her to wash for increasingly longer periods of time afterward, which is a form of ERP for contamination OCD. B, C, and D do not involve exposure and ritual prevention.

Question 19

An observation has been made between children presenting with OCD and tics after a bout of strep throat. The resulting syndrome was called

Accepted Answer

The correct name for the syndrome is Pediatric Autoimmune Disorder associated with Streptococcal Infection (PANDAS). This name reflects the autoimmune nature of the disorder, which is triggered by a strep infection. The other choices (STACD, SCOCD, TASTE) are not accurate names for this syndrome.

Question 20

According to several cross-cultural research studies reported in the textbook, the prevalence of OCD is

Accepted Answer

According to several cross-cultural research studies reported in the textbook, the prevalence of OCD is very similar across cultures. Culture does not appear to have a significant impact on OCD prevalence rates.

Quiz 5: Anxiety, Trauma, and Stressor-Related and Obsessive-Compulsive Related Disorders