Question 1

The process of bringing community and family members into court to publicly state their condemnation of a criminal's behavior and to accept the responsibility for reintegrating the offender back into the community is called:

Accepted Answer

The process described in the question is known as reintegrative shaming, which involves bringing together the offender, their family, and the community to publicly acknowledge the harm caused by the offender's actions, condemn the behavior, and take responsibility for reintegrating the offender back into society. This approach is meant to encourage positive change and rehabilitation rather than simply punishing the offender. Community policing refers to a broader approach to law enforcement that emphasizes partnership between police and the community, while stigmatizing shaming and labeling are not related to this particular process.

Question 2

Victor Rios's work in the city of Oakland led him to conclude what about the relationship between the police and the student body? What strategies could you suggest to alleviate this problem? Answer in one paragraph.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Victor Rios's work in the city of...

Question 3

MATCHING
-Ritualists

Accepted Answer

Ritualists conform to socially accepted standards but have lost sight of the underlying values behind those standards.

Question 4

Labeling theory begins with a basic assumption that claims what? Give an example that makes this assumption clear. Answer in two to three sentences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Labeling theory begins with a basic assumption...

Question 5

How might reintegrative shaming work to rehabilitate an offender in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Reintegrative shaming involves processing the shame in the offender in a way that allows them to understand and take accountability for their actions, and then rebuilding social bonds between the offender and the community. This can include things like restorative justice programs or community service, where the offender can make amends and contribute positively to society. It is not about locking the offender in a permanent state of shame or stigmatizing them further.

Question 6

MATCHING
-Conformist

Accepted Answer

Conformists are individuals who accept both the generally held values and the conventional means to achieve them. This is the definition of conforming to societal norms and expectations.

Question 7

Jane Jacobs found that the public peace of cities is kept primarily by the police.

Accepted Answer

Jane Jacobs believed that the public peace of cities is kept primarily by the "intricate sidewalk ballet" of people who use and care about the city's streets and public spaces. She argued that this informal social control was more effective than relying solely on the police to maintain order.

Question 8

Compare crimes against property (robberies, burglaries, larceny, forgeries, and car thefts) with white-collar crimes. Discuss specifically the measurement of crime, attitude of authorities, amount of money involved, and number of people affected. Which do you think is more harmful? Answer in one paragraph.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare crimes against property (robberies, burglaries, larceny,...

Question 9

The context in which behavior occurs often makes the difference in whether it is considered deviant.

Accepted Answer

The context of a behavior can greatly affect whether it is considered deviant, as social norms and expectations vary depending on the situation and culture.

Question 10

In 2015, a majority of Americans opposed capital punishment.

Accepted Answer

In 2015, public opinion polls in the United States generally showed that a majority of Americans supported capital punishment, although support had been gradually declining over the years.

Question 11

How is it possible for a person to be both a conformist and a deviant? Explain, using examples. Your answer should be one paragraph in length.

Accepted Answer

The answer of How is it possible for a person...

Question 12

According to Richard A. Cloward and Lloyd E. Ohlin, delinquent youth subcultures emerge where the chances of legitimately achieving success are low.

Accepted Answer

Cloward and Ohlin's theory of delinquent youth subcultures, known as the opportunity theory, argues that when young people are unable to achieve success through legitimate means such as education and employment, they may turn to illegal activities and form subcultures that prioritize deviance and delinquency.

Question 13

What are the four different types of sanctions? Give an example of each. Answer in four to five sentences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the four different types of...

Question 14

MATCHING
-Innovators

Accepted Answer

Innovators accept socially approved values but use illegitimate or illegal means to achieve them.

Question 15

MATCHING
-Retreatists

Accepted Answer

Retreatists are individuals who reject both the societal goals and the means to achieve them, often withdrawing from societal pursuits altogether.

Question 16

Why does Susan Browmiller think that all women are victims of rape? Do you agree with her? Answer in two to three sentences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why does Susan Browmiller think that all...

Question 17

Identifying yourself as a criminal is called primary deviation.

Accepted Answer

Primary deviation refers to the initial act of rule-breaking or deviance that may lead to an individual being labeled as deviant or criminal, but it does not involve the individual identifying themselves as a criminal.

Question 18

Compare the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) with the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). Which is a better measure of crime? Answer in one paragraph.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare the Uniform Crime Reports (UCR) with...

Question 19

Why is cybercrime so difficult to prosecute? What strategies could you suggest to more easily prosecute cybercriminals? Answer in one paragraph.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is cybercrime so difficult to prosecute?...

Question 20

According to your textbook authors, if everyone is a rule follower, does this lead to a more equitable society?

Accepted Answer

While following rules and laws can promote a more orderly society, it does not always lead to equity. Strict adherence to rules can limit opportunities for upward mobility, particularly for marginalized groups who may face systemic barriers. Additionally, rules and laws can be written in a way that already disadvantages certain groups, making following them without critique or resistance inherently inequitable.

Quiz 7: Conformity, Deviance, and Crime