Question 1

Ford always asks consumers "Is Ford a quality vehicle?" after seeing a Ford commercial.The proportion saying "yes" is then compared to the proportion saying "yes" in the population of all Ford commercials.In order to determine statistical significance,a ________ would be used.
A)g-test
B)stat-test
C)Z-test
D)r-test

Accepted Answer

A Z-test is appropriate for comparing proportions from a sample to a known population proportion. In this case, the proportion saying "yes" in the population of all Ford commercials serves as the known population proportion, and Ford's proportion of consumers saying "yes" serves as the sample proportion. The Z-test would allow us to determine if the difference between Ford's proportion and the population proportion is statistically significant.

Question 2

One group of individuals watches Commercial A.A different group of individuals watches Commercial B.After viewing the commercial,each group rates its intent to purchase the advertised product using a five-point scale where "5" is the best response.The average for Commercial A is 3.2 while the average for Commercial B is 4.4.Because there is more than a one-point difference between the two averages,no further statistical analyses are required to verify that the difference is not due to chance.

Accepted Answer

Statistical analysis, such as a t-test, is required to determine if the observed difference is statistically significant and not due to chance, regardless of the magnitude of the difference.

Question 3

The level of ________ reflects the estimate that the observed difference or relationship between two variables is due to chance.
A)differential significance
B)mathematical significance
C)statistical significance
D)statistical consequence
E)differential consequence

Accepted Answer

Statistical significance is the level at which we determine the likelihood that the difference or relationship between two variables is not due to chance, but rather reflects a true effect. It is typically determined with an alpha level (often set to .05) that indicates the probability of obtaining the observed result if there really is no effect in the population. If the probability is less than the alpha level, then we reject the null hypothesis and conclude that there is a statistically significant difference or relationship.

Question 4

Imagine that you have developed two ads that are to be placed into rotation in Google Adwords.While both ads will be shown in response to the same search terms,the ads differ in the benefit they offer the consumer: the first ad stresses customer service while the second ad stresses low prices.Adwords lets you monitor the purchase amount resulting from the click-through for each of the ads.What statistical test is appropriate for determining whether one ad is statistically superior to the other?
A)F-test
B)t-test
C)Chi-square
D)Z-test

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine that you have developed two ads...

Question 5

You are comparing a sample average to a population average.A Z-score of 1.22 is obtained.This means that the observed difference between the two averages is real and meaningful and not due to chance.

Accepted Answer

A Z-score of 1.22 indicates that the sample average is 1.22 standard deviations away from the population average, but it does not necessarily mean the difference is real, meaningful, or not due to chance. Typically, a Z-score must be greater than 1.96 or less than -1.96 (at a 0.05 significance level) to suggest a statistically significant difference.

Question 6

The following two statements refer to comparing a sample average to a population average.
I.You want to compare a sample average to a population average.The test you
Select depends upon the size of the sample population.
II.You are comparing a sample average to a population average.A Z-score of 2.08
Is obtained.This means that the observed difference between the two averages is real
And meaningful and not due to chance.
Which,if any,of these statements is (are)true?
A)I only
B)II only
C)I and II are both true
D)Neither I nor II are true

Accepted Answer

Both statements are true. Statement I explains the general principle of selecting a test based on sample size, while Statement II provides an example of a specific result (Z-score of 2.08) and its interpretation.

Question 7

A .02 level of statistical significance indicates that we can be ________ certain that the observed difference or relationship is real and not due to chance.
A)1%
B)2%
C)98%
D)100%

Accepted Answer

A .02 level of statistical significance means that there is a 98% chance that the observed difference or relationship is real and not due to chance.

Question 8

The data shown in the table below reports the attitudes of two groups of individuals toward Mustang.One group was exposed to Mustang advertising while the other was not.How many measures show a statistically significant impact of advertising exposure? 
A)0
B)1
C)2
D)3
E)4

Accepted Answer

To determine statistical significance, we need to look for measures with a p-value less than 0.05. From the table, we can see that two measures have a p-value less than 0.05: "Likelihood to consider Mustang for future purchase" and "Overall opinion of the Mustang." These two measures show a statistically significant impact of advertising exposure. Therefore, the answer is C)2.

Question 9

You want to compare a sample average to a population average.There are 25 people in the sample.You would use a ________ to determine statistical significance.
A)t-test
B)r-test
C)stat-test
D)Z-test

Accepted Answer

A t-test is appropriate for comparing a sample mean to a population mean, especially when the sample size is small (less than 30) and the population standard deviation is unknown.

Question 10

You want to compare a sample average to a population average.The sample population size is 130.The data table is shown below. $$\begin{array} { l c c } 
\hline & \text { Test Commercial } & \begin{array} { c } 
\text { Population of } \
\text { Commercials }
\end{array} \
\hline \text { Average purchase intent } & 3.9 & 3.1 \
\text { Standard deviation } & ? & ? \
\text { Sample size } & ? & ? \
\hline
\end{array}$$ How many of the question marks represent required pieces of data?
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4

Accepted Answer

To compare a sample average to a population average, you need the standard deviation of the sample to calculate the standard error. The population standard deviation is not required if you're comparing means. The sample size is given (130), so you don't need it for the sample. The population size is not necessary for this comparison. Therefore, only 2 pieces of data (the sample's standard deviation and the population standard deviation) are required.

Question 11

Statistical significance is reported using the Greek letter ________.
A)alpha
B)beta
C)gamma
D)psi
E)delta

Accepted Answer

The Greek letter alpha (α) is typically used to represent the level of statistical significance. It is often set at a threshold of 0.05, meaning that a result with a p-value less than 0.05 is considered statistically significant.

Question 12

You are comparing a sample average to a population average.A Z-score of at least ________ is needed in order to conclude that the observed difference between the two averages is real and meaningful and not due to chance.
A).05
B)1.01
C)1.96
D)2.56

Accepted Answer

A Z-score of 1.96 corresponds to a significance level of 0.05, which is the commonly accepted threshold for statistical significance. This means that if the Z-score is greater than 1.96, we can reject the null hypothesis (that the difference between sample and population averages is due to chance) and conclude that the difference is statistically significant.

Question 13

You want to compare a sample average to a population average.There are 140 people in the sample.You would use a ________ to determine statistical significance.
A)t-test
B)r-test
C)stat-test
D)Z-test

Accepted Answer

A Z-test is used to compare a sample mean to a population mean when the population standard deviation is known and the sample size is greater than 30.

Question 14

________ statistics help a researcher determine whether the observed difference between two or more measures is real and meaningful.
A)Inferential
B)Descriptive
C)Nomadic
D)Synergistic
E)Multimodal

Accepted Answer

Inferential statistics are used to make inferences or judgments about a larger population based on sample data. This allows researchers to determine whether the observed differences between two or more measures are statistically significant or simply due to chance. Descriptive statistics, on the other hand, are used to summarize and describe the characteristics of the sample data, but do not provide information on whether the differences observed are statistically meaningful. Nomadic, synergistic, and multimodal are not relevant to statistical analysis.

Question 15

The two statements below refer to an alpha level.Which statement is TRUE?
I.An alpha level of .05 must always be used as the cut-off for determining
Statistical significance.
II.An alpha level of .05 is a well-accepted,yet arbitrary level for determining
Statistical significance.
A)I is true
B)II is true

Accepted Answer

The alpha level of .05 is a well-accepted, yet arbitrary level for determining statistical significance. While it is a common alpha level used in research, it is not always the only or best option for every study. Other alpha levels, such as .01 or .10, may be more appropriate depending on the specific research question and design.

Question 16

What type(s)of statistics provide the basis for objectively determining the amount of confidence you can have in drawing conclusions about differences and relationships observed in a set of data?
A)Descriptive
B)Inferential
C)Both descriptive and inferential

Accepted Answer

Inferential statistics provide the basis for objectively determining the amount of confidence you can have in drawing conclusions about differences and relationships observed in a set of data. Descriptive statistics only summarize the characteristics of the data and do not provide information about the general population. Therefore, inferential statistics are essential in making inferences about the population based on the sample data.

Question 17

Statistical significance is expressed as a number between ________.
A)- 1 and 0
B)-1 and +1
C)0 and +1
D)- 10 and 0
E)-10 and 10

Accepted Answer

Statistical significance is usually expressed as a p-value which ranges from 0 to 1. Therefore, the correct answer is C which shows the range of values between 0 and 1.

Question 18

________ statistics help a researcher determine whether the observed relationship between two or more measures is not due to chance.
A)Nomadic
B)Inferential
C)Synergistic
D)Descriptive
E)Multimodal

Accepted Answer

Inferential statistics are used to test hypotheses and determine the probability that the observed results are due to chance. This allows researchers to draw conclusions about relationships between variables in the larger population based on their sample data.

Question 19

You show a group of individuals a commercial after which you ask "Which of the following auto manufacturers do you think has the highest quality?" A ________ would be used to examine the pattern of response to this question.
A)t-test
B)chi-square test
C)Z-test
D)r-test

Accepted Answer

The answer of You show a group of individuals a...

Question 20

A .02 level of statistical significance indicates a ________ probability that the observed difference or relationship is due to chance.
A)1%
B)2%
C)98%
D)100%

Accepted Answer

A .02 level of statistical significance means that there is only a 2% probability that the observed difference or relationship is due to chance. Therefore, B is the correct answer. A is incorrect because a 1% probability would require a higher level of significance (e.g. .01). C and D are incorrect because they suggest that there is a higher probability of chance (e.g. 98% or 100%), which is the opposite of what is indicated by a significant result.

Quiz 16: Inferential Statistics

Ford always asks consumers "Is Ford a quality vehicle?" after seeing a Ford commercial.The proportion saying "yes" is then compared to the proportion saying "yes" in the population of all Ford commercials.In order to determine statistical significance,a ________ would be used.

The level of ________ reflects the estimate that the observed difference or relationship between two variables is due to chance.

You are comparing a sample average to a population average.A Z-score of 1.22 is obtained.This means that the observed difference between the two averages is real and meaningful and not due to chance.

A .02 level of statistical significance indicates that we can be ________ certain that the observed difference or relationship is real and not due to chance.

The data shown in the table below reports the attitudes of two groups of individuals toward Mustang.One group was exposed to Mustang advertising while the other was not.How many measures show a statistically significant impact of advertising exposure?

You want to compare a sample average to a population average.There are 25 people in the sample.You would use a ________ to determine statistical significance.

Statistical significance is reported using the Greek letter ________.

You are comparing a sample average to a population average.A Z-score of at least ________ is needed in order to conclude that the observed difference between the two averages is real and meaningful and not due to chance.

You want to compare a sample average to a population average.There are 140 people in the sample.You would use a ________ to determine statistical significance.

________ statistics help a researcher determine whether the observed difference between two or more measures is real and meaningful.

The two statements below refer to an alpha level.Which statement is TRUE? I.An alpha level of .05 must always be used as the cut-off for determining Statistical significance. II.An alpha level of .05 is a well-accepted,yet arbitrary level for determining Statistical significance.

What type(s) of statistics provide the basis for objectively determining the amount of confidence you can have in drawing conclusions about differences and relationships observed in a set of data?

Statistical significance is expressed as a number between ________.

________ statistics help a researcher determine whether the observed relationship between two or more measures is not due to chance.

You show a group of individuals a commercial after which you ask "Which of the following auto manufacturers do you think has the highest quality?" A ________ would be used to examine the pattern of response to this question.

A .02 level of statistical significance indicates a ________ probability that the observed difference or relationship is due to chance.