Question 1

Nicotine impairs cognitive functions such as working memory in nonsmokers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nicotine impairs cognitive functions such as working...

Question 2

Generally speaking,people that regularly ingest coffee and tea may experience less cognitive deterioration as they grow older.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that regular consumption of coffee and tea can be beneficial for cognitive function and may decrease the risk of cognitive decline in older age.

Question 3

Nicotine can improve performance on a variety of cognitive tasks due to acetylcholine.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine enhances cognitive performance by increasing the release of acetylcholine in the brain, which plays an important role in attention, learning, and memory.

Question 4

Caffeine,like theophylline and theobromine,belongs to a family of substances called xanthines.

Accepted Answer

This statement is true. Caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine are all xanthines.

Question 5

Cigarette smoking is associated with a rewarding effect.

Accepted Answer

Cigarette smoking is known to trigger the release of dopamine in the brain, which creates a pleasurable, rewarding sensation. This is part of the reason why smokers can become addicted to nicotine.

Question 6

Among partial nicotine receptor agonists,evidence suggests that smokers using _______ increases their chances of quitting by two to three times in comparison to those that try to quit with no other assistance.
A) bupropion (Wellbutrin)
B) dianicline
C) cytisine
D) varenicline (Chantix)

Accepted Answer

According to the statement, varenicline (Chantix) is the only nicotine receptor partial agonist that has evidence suggesting it increases the chances of quitting by two to three times compared to quitting with no assistance. Therefore, varenicline is the best choice.

Question 7

Smoking two packs of cigarettes per day for 20 years has been estimated to reduce life expectancy by 14 years.

Accepted Answer

This estimate comes from multiple studies and is widely accepted in the medical community. Smoking has a profound negative impact on health and longevity.

Question 8

There are no barriers in the body to the distribution of nicotine.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine is absorbed quickly into the bloodstream through the lungs or skin and can travel to all parts of the body, including the brain, within seconds, without any physical barriers.

Question 9

Nicotine may exert all of its cognitive effects by activating specific receptors for acetylcholine.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine is known to bind to and activate specific acetylcholine receptors in the brain, which can lead to increased cognitive functions such as improved attention, memory and learning.

Question 10

Nicotine is one of 4,000 compounds released by burning cigarette tobacco.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine is indeed one of the 4,000 compounds released by burning cigarette tobacco.

Question 11

The addictive potential of nicotine is comparable to other illicit drugs such as heroin and cocaine.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine has been shown to activate the brain's reward system in a similar way to heroin and cocaine, making it highly addictive. Studies have also found that quitting nicotine can result in withdrawal symptoms similar to those of other addictive drugs.

Question 12

The tar in tobacco is responsible for many of the psychoactive effects of cigarettes.

Accepted Answer

Tar is not responsible for the psychoactive effects of cigarettes, but rather it is the nicotine content in tobacco that affects the brain and central nervous system. Tar is a byproduct of smoking and is linked to numerous health issues, such as lung cancer and respiratory problems.

Question 13

Malakai is a moderate coffee drinker.Research suggests that this level of consumption may provide protection against heart failure.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that moderate coffee consumption (2-3 cups per day) may have protective effects against heart failure. However, excessive coffee intake can have negative effects on cardiovascular health.

Question 14

The drug that is no longer under development to aid in smoking cessation is:
A) nicotine.
B) buproprion.
C) varenicline.
D) dianicline.

Accepted Answer

Dianicline was a drug under development for smoking cessation, but it was discontinued due to concerns about its effectiveness and safety. Nicotine, buproprion, and varenicline are all currently FDA-approved medications for smoking cessation.

Question 15

The carcinogen in cigarettes is the primary cause of ______ cancer.
A) bladder
B) pancreatic
C) lung
D) lip

Accepted Answer

The carcinogen in cigarettes is primarily responsible for lung cancer.

Question 16

Nicotine is the primary addictive substance in cigarettes.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine is the primary addictive substance in cigarettes, which makes it difficult for people to quit smoking because of the withdrawal symptoms they experience when trying to quit.

Question 17

Nicotine decreases dopamine levels in reward areas of the brain.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine actually increases dopamine levels in reward areas of the brain, which is why it is so addictive.

Question 18

The main effect of carbon monoxide on the heart is:
A) decreased oxygen supply to the heart.
B) decreased atherosclerosis.
C) decreased clotting.
D) decreased blood pressure.

Accepted Answer

Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin in the blood, reducing the amount of oxygen that can be carried to the heart and other organs. This can lead to decreased oxygen supply to the heart and potentially cause chest pain, shortness of breath, and in severe cases, heart attack or death. Carbon monoxide does not have any known effects on atherosclerosis, clotting, or blood pressure.

Question 19

Nicotine stimulates the vomiting center in the brain.

Accepted Answer

Nicotine can cause nausea and stimulate the vomiting center in the brain, leading to vomiting.

Question 20

Some antidepressants can inhibit the metabolism of caffeine.

Accepted Answer

Certain antidepressants, such as fluoxetine and fluvoxamine, can inhibit the liver enzymes responsible for metabolizing caffeine. This can lead to increased levels of caffeine in the body and potentially cause side effects such as jitteriness and insomnia. It's important to talk to your doctor or pharmacist about any possible interactions between medications and caffeine.

Quiz 6: Stimulants Part 1 Caffeine and Nicotine