Question 1

Comorbid alcohol abuse and aggressive behaviors may be treated with:

Accepted Answer

Anticonvulsant mood stabilizers may help address both the alcohol abuse and aggressive behaviors, as they may stabilize mood and reduce impulsivity. Antidepressants may not be effective for addressing aggression, and barbiturates and benzodiazepines may increase the risk of addiction and worsen the alcohol abuse.

Question 2

_____ are used in acute alcohol withdrawal or detoxification but are limited due to potential physical dependence.

Accepted Answer

Benzodiazepines are used in acute alcohol withdrawal or detoxification but are limited due to potential physical dependence. While they can be effective in managing symptoms such as anxiety and seizures, prolonged use of benzodiazepines can lead to tolerance and dependence. Therefore, they should be used in a short-term basis and under close medical supervision.

Question 3

The physical deterioration associated with long-term excessive alcohol use is thought to be associated with:

Accepted Answer

Long-term excessive alcohol use can lead to malnutrition and vitamin deficiencies, which in turn can cause physical deterioration such as peripheral neuropathy, liver disease, and Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. Poor hydration, excessive weight loss, and poor eating habits can also contribute to the physical effects of alcohol use, but vitamin deficiencies are a more direct cause.

Question 4

An alcohol dependent person may be prescribed Baclofen (Lioresal)to modulate the balance between:

Accepted Answer

Baclofen (Lioresal) works by modulating the balance between GABA and glutamate in the brain, which helps in reducing alcohol cravings and withdrawal symptoms in individuals with alcohol dependence.

Question 5

Alcohol _____ impulse control due to _____ activation resulting in the increased probability of aggressive behavior.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Alcohol _____ impulse control due to _____...

Question 6

Acamprosate is an anticraving drug that helps alcohol dependent individuals remain abstinent by interacting with _____ receptors.

Accepted Answer

Acamprosate interacts with glutaminergic NMDA receptors to reduce the cravings for alcohol and help individuals remain abstinent.

Question 7

Faster-onset,shorter-acting benzodiazepines may be useful during alcohol withdrawal to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Faster-onset,shorter-acting benzodiazepines may be useful during alcohol...

Question 8

Acamprosate has actions similar to ethanol at both the GABA and NMDA receptors.

Accepted Answer

Acamprosate has been shown to interact with both GABA and NMDA receptors in a way that is similar to ethanol, which may contribute to its effectiveness in treating alcohol dependence.

Question 9

Although useful in treating anxiety,the benzodiazepines (lorazepam,for example)are of little use in treating alcohol withdrawal.

Accepted Answer

Benzodiazepines, including lorazepam, are commonly used in the treatment of alcohol withdrawal because they can help to reduce the severity of symptoms such as seizures and tremors.

Question 10

Caitlyn is going through treatment for alcohol addiction.Her physician has prescribed lamotrigine (Lamictal)as part of her treatment.This drug _____ glutamate release and _____ craving for alcohol.

Accepted Answer

Lamotrigine decreases glutamate release and craving for alcohol.

Question 11

Tami has some issues with alcohol consumption,but she does not drink excessively.Still,evidence suggests that ______ may provide some benefit to her and control impulsive behavior that could lead to addiction.

Accepted Answer

SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors) have been shown to be effective in treating impulse control disorders and have been studied for their potential use in treating addiction, including alcoholism. While opioids and acetylcholine may play a role in addiction and reward pathways, they are not typically used as treatments for alcoholism. SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms) are genetic variations that can impact an individual's likelihood of developing addiction or responding to addiction treatments, but they are not a treatment option themselves.

Question 12

Tunde has developed generalized anxiety and has begun drinking alcohol to self-medicate to temporarily reduce his anxiety.Research suggests that Tunde's drinking behavior is due to:

Accepted Answer

Tunde's drinking behavior is a result of negative reinforcement, where he is engaging in a behavior (drinking) in order to remove or avoid a negative experience (anxiety). This behavior is likely to continue because it is reinforcing for Tunde in the short-term, as it temporarily reduces his anxiety, even though it may have negative long-term consequences.

Question 13

In the United States,the prevalence of inhalant abuse among adolescents is exceeded only by the combined use of marijuana,alcohol,and tobacco.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the United States,the prevalence of inhalant...

Question 14

Although death is relatively rare during acute intoxication and inhalant abuse,_____ accounts for about half of all acute fatalities.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Although death is relatively rare during acute...

Question 15

Long-acting benzodiazepines may be used during alcohol withdrawal because they:

Accepted Answer

Long-acting benzodiazepines are often used during alcohol withdrawal because they can help suppress withdrawal symptoms, such as anxiety, tremors, and seizures. These medications act on the brain's GABA receptors, calming the nervous system and reducing the severity of withdrawal symptoms. They do not eliminate drug cravings, stimulate glutamate activity, or have a direct effect on seizure activity.

Question 16

Repeated alcohol withdrawals may ______ the severity of subsequent withdrawals and _____ the likelihood of withdrawal seizures.

Accepted Answer

Repeated alcohol withdrawals can lead to a phenomenon known as "kindling," where each subsequent withdrawal episode becomes more severe, and the likelihood of withdrawal seizures increases.

Question 17

Sudden sniffing death syndrome is commonly associated with _____ inhalation.

Accepted Answer

Sudden sniffing death syndrome is commonly associated with inhaling butane.

Question 18

Experimental evidence suggests that detoxified male alcoholics possess long lasting deficits in _____ function even following long periods of abstinence.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Experimental evidence suggests that detoxified male alcoholics...

Question 19

The coenzyme _____ is the rate limiting step in the conversion of alcohol to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase.

Accepted Answer

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is the coenzyme required for the conversion of alcohol to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase. It acts as the electron acceptor during the oxidation of alcohol to acetaldehyde and is therefore the rate limiting step in the reaction. Choices B and C are not involved in this process, and choice D is not a known coenzyme.

Question 20

Bupropion (Wellbutrin)may be used for alcohol dependent individuals because the positive reinforcement aspects of alcohol may involve the ______ system.

Accepted Answer

The dopaminergic system is involved in the positive reinforcement aspects of alcohol, as it is with many other drugs of abuse. Bupropion, a dopamine/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, may modulate this system and reduce cravings for alcohol in dependent individuals.

Quiz 5: Ethyl Alcohol and the Inhalants of Abuse

Comorbid alcohol abuse and aggressive behaviors may be treated with:

_____ are used in acute alcohol withdrawal or detoxification but are limited due to potential physical dependence.

The physical deterioration associated with long-term excessive alcohol use is thought to be associated with:

An alcohol dependent person may be prescribed Baclofen (Lioresal) to modulate the balance between:

Alcohol _ impulse control due to _ activation resulting in the increased probability of aggressive behavior.

Acamprosate is an anticraving drug that helps alcohol dependent individuals remain abstinent by interacting with _____ receptors.

Faster-onset,shorter-acting benzodiazepines may be useful during alcohol withdrawal to:

Acamprosate has actions similar to ethanol at both the GABA and NMDA receptors.

Although useful in treating anxiety,the benzodiazepines (lorazepam,for example)are of little use in treating alcohol withdrawal.

Caitlyn is going through treatment for alcohol addiction.Her physician has prescribed lamotrigine (Lamictal) as part of her treatment.This drug _ glutamate release and _ craving for alcohol.

Tami has some issues with alcohol consumption,but she does not drink excessively.Still,evidence suggests that ______ may provide some benefit to her and control impulsive behavior that could lead to addiction.

Tunde has developed generalized anxiety and has begun drinking alcohol to self-medicate to temporarily reduce his anxiety.Research suggests that Tunde's drinking behavior is due to:

In the United States,the prevalence of inhalant abuse among adolescents is exceeded only by the combined use of marijuana,alcohol,and tobacco.

Although death is relatively rare during acute intoxication and inhalant abuse,_____ accounts for about half of all acute fatalities.

Long-acting benzodiazepines may be used during alcohol withdrawal because they:

Repeated alcohol withdrawals may __ the severity of subsequent withdrawals and _ the likelihood of withdrawal seizures.

Sudden sniffing death syndrome is commonly associated with _____ inhalation.

Experimental evidence suggests that detoxified male alcoholics possess long lasting deficits in _____ function even following long periods of abstinence.

The coenzyme _____ is the rate limiting step in the conversion of alcohol to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase.

Bupropion (Wellbutrin) may be used for alcohol dependent individuals because the positive reinforcement aspects of alcohol may involve the ______ system.

Quiz 5: Ethyl Alcohol and the Inhalants of Abuse

Comorbid alcohol abuse and aggressive behaviors may be treated with:

_____ are used in acute alcohol withdrawal or detoxification but are limited due to potential physical dependence.

The physical deterioration associated with long-term excessive alcohol use is thought to be associated with:

An alcohol dependent person may be prescribed Baclofen (Lioresal) to modulate the balance between:

Alcohol _____ impulse control due to _____ activation resulting in the increased probability of aggressive behavior.

Acamprosate is an anticraving drug that helps alcohol dependent individuals remain abstinent by interacting with _____ receptors.

Faster-onset,shorter-acting benzodiazepines may be useful during alcohol withdrawal to:

Acamprosate has actions similar to ethanol at both the GABA and NMDA receptors.

Although useful in treating anxiety,the benzodiazepines (lorazepam,for example)are of little use in treating alcohol withdrawal.

Caitlyn is going through treatment for alcohol addiction.Her physician has prescribed lamotrigine (Lamictal) as part of her treatment.This drug _____ glutamate release and _____ craving for alcohol.

Tami has some issues with alcohol consumption,but she does not drink excessively.Still,evidence suggests that ______ may provide some benefit to her and control impulsive behavior that could lead to addiction.

Tunde has developed generalized anxiety and has begun drinking alcohol to self-medicate to temporarily reduce his anxiety.Research suggests that Tunde's drinking behavior is due to:

In the United States,the prevalence of inhalant abuse among adolescents is exceeded only by the combined use of marijuana,alcohol,and tobacco.

Although death is relatively rare during acute intoxication and inhalant abuse,_____ accounts for about half of all acute fatalities.

Long-acting benzodiazepines may be used during alcohol withdrawal because they:

Repeated alcohol withdrawals may ______ the severity of subsequent withdrawals and _____ the likelihood of withdrawal seizures.

Sudden sniffing death syndrome is commonly associated with _____ inhalation.

Experimental evidence suggests that detoxified male alcoholics possess long lasting deficits in _____ function even following long periods of abstinence.

The coenzyme _____ is the rate limiting step in the conversion of alcohol to acetaldehyde by alcohol dehydrogenase.

Bupropion (Wellbutrin) may be used for alcohol dependent individuals because the positive reinforcement aspects of alcohol may involve the ______ system.

Alcohol _ impulse control due to _ activation resulting in the increased probability of aggressive behavior.

Caitlyn is going through treatment for alcohol addiction.Her physician has prescribed lamotrigine (Lamictal) as part of her treatment.This drug _ glutamate release and _ craving for alcohol.

Repeated alcohol withdrawals may __ the severity of subsequent withdrawals and _ the likelihood of withdrawal seizures.