Question 1

The client has diabetes mellitus type I. The physician has prescribed metoprolol (Lopressor) for this client. Which symptoms would the nurse recognize as most significant to report to the physician?

Accepted Answer

Metoprolol is a beta-blocker medication that can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia in individuals with diabetes. Therefore, symptoms such as palpitations, diaphoresis, and anxiety may indicate hypoglycemia and need to be reported to the physician. The other symptoms listed may be side effects of the medication but are not as significant in relation to the client's diabetes.

Question 2

The nurse is conducting an education class about myocardial blood supply for clients with coronary artery disease (CAD). The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the clients make which statement(s). Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) This statement is incorrect as the coronary arteries carry blood towards the heart, not away from it.
B) This statement is correct as the right and left coronary arteries have smaller branches that supply blood to all parts of the heart, including the muscles that surround the heart.
C) This statement is incorrect as the coronary arteries predominantly supply blood to the myocardium, which includes the left and right ventricles.
D) This statement is correct as anastomoses are small arteries that connect the branches of the coronary arteries, providing collateral blood supply to the heart muscle.
E) This statement is correct as the heart has right and left coronary arteries that originate from the aorta and supply blood to the heart's muscles.

Question 3

The nurse has completed medication education with a post -myocardial infarction (MI) client about nifedipine (Adalat). The nurse evaluates the education as effective when the client makes which statement?

Accepted Answer

Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker that is commonly used to treat hypertension and angina. It works by relaxing the blood vessels and increasing the supply of oxygen and blood to the heart. It is important to take this medicine as directed by the healthcare provider, which may be for the rest of the client's life. Option A is not correct because nifedipine is not a rescue medication and should not be taken only when chest pain is experienced. Option B is not correct because the duration of therapy is not determined by the stress test results. Option D is not correct because nifedipine should be taken routinely and not only before strenuous activities.

Question 4

The client is being treated for angina. He asks the nurse if angina is the same thing as having a heart attack. What is the best response by the nurse? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The client is being treated for angina....

Question 5

The nurse is providing care to a client who has experienced several episodes of angina. What is the primary outcome for this client?

Accepted Answer

The primary outcome for a client experiencing angina is to experience relief of chest pain. Nitrate therapy is a common treatment for angina and is effective in relieving chest pain by dilating blood vessels and increasing blood flow to the heart. Therapeutic lifestyle changes, anticoagulant therapy, and aspirin therapy may also be part of the client's treatment plan, but their primary outcome is not relief of chest pain.

Question 6

The client says to the nurse "My doctor said I can't have fried chicken anymore because I have heart disease. I've eaten it all my life and am fine except for some indigestion lately." What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

The client's indigestion could be a symptom of coronary artery disease, which is typically caused by a buildup of plaque in the arteries that supply blood to the heart. A low-fat diet is an important aspect of managing this condition, and the nurse should emphasize the importance of adhering to the doctor's recommendations. Option A is incorrect because fried chicken is typically high in saturated and trans fats, which can contribute to heart disease. Option B is also incorrect because while exercise is important, dietary changes are also crucial for managing heart disease. Option D is incorrect because indigestion is not necessarily a sign of increased workload for the heart.

Question 7

The client takes nitroglycerine (Nitrostat) for relief of occasional stable angina. The nurse would be most concerned about which statement made by the client?

Accepted Answer

Nitroglycerine taken with medications for erectile dysfunction (such as sildenafil) can lead to a rapid drop in blood pressure, which can be life-threatening. The client should avoid taking these medications together. The other statements may warrant further assessment or education but are not immediate concerns for the client's safety.

Question 8

The nurse is teaching a class on antianginal drugs to a group of clients who have experienced myocardial infarctions (MIs). The nurse determines that learning has occurred when a client makes which statement?

Accepted Answer

Antianginal drugs work by decreasing the oxygen demand of the heart, not by increasing oxygen supply. Option A is incorrect because antianginal drugs work by dilating coronary arteries, not by increasing nitric oxide production. Option B is incorrect because these medications do not increase the amount of oxygen that the heart receives. Option C is incorrect because antianginal drugs do not thin the blood, and thinning the blood would not necessarily increase the amount of oxygen that the heart receives.

Question 9

The client receives reteplase (Retavase) intravenously (IV). The nurse assesses the client for orientation and level of consciousness. The client's wife asks the nurse why this is being done. What does the nurse indicate as the reason for the assessment?

Accepted Answer

Reteplase (Retavase) is a thrombolytic agent used to dissolve blood clots, which can potentially cause bleeding in the brain (intracranial hemorrhage). Monitoring the patient's orientation and level of consciousness helps in early detection of such serious side effects.

Question 10

The nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerine via the intravenous route. What must the nurse plan to do prior to administering this medication?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerine...

Question 11

The client receives amlodipine (Norvasc) for treatment of angina. What is a primary assessment for the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A primary assessment for the nurse when a client receives amlodipine (Norvasc) is a sudden weight gain of 1 kilogram or more. This can indicate fluid retention, which is a common side effect of the medication. Hypokalemia and hypernatremia are not primary assessments for this medication. A sudden weight loss is not expected with Norvasc use. A marked increase in INR levels is not relevant for Norvasc as it is not a blood thinner.

Question 12

The nurse has completed medication education with the client who is receiving nitroglycerine (Nitrostat) as therapy for angina. The nurse determines that teaching is effective when the client makes which statement?

Accepted Answer

The correct protocol for taking nitroglycerine for angina is to take 1 tablet every 5 minutes, but not more than 3 tablets in 15 minutes. If the pain persists after 3 tablets, the client should seek emergency medical attention.

Question 13

The client is receiving diltiazem (Cardizem) and wants to know why he developed a headache after taking the medication. What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Diltiazem (Cardizem) is a calcium channel blocker that causes vasodilation, including in the blood vessels of the brain. This can lead to headaches as a side effect.

Question 14

The nurse has completed medication education with the client who is receiving atenolol (Tenormin). The nurse determines that teaching is effective when the client makes which statement?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse has completed medication education with...

Question 15

The client in the emergency department experienced an acute myocardial infarction (MI) four hours ago. The nurse is administering reteplase (Retavase) intravenously (IV). The client asks the nurse what is being done. What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

Reteplase is a thrombolytic medication that dissolves blood clots. It is commonly used in the treatment of myocardial infarction to help restore blood flow to the heart muscle. Therefore, the best response by the nurse is "This medication is dissolving the clot that is causing your heart attack."

Quiz 23: Drugs for Angina Pectoris, Myocardial Infarction, and Cerebrovascular Accident

The client has diabetes mellitus type I. The physician has prescribed metoprolol (Lopressor) for this client. Which symptoms would the nurse recognize as most significant to report to the physician?

The nurse is conducting an education class about myocardial blood supply for clients with coronary artery disease (CAD) . The nurse determines that learning has occurred when the clients make which statement(s) . Select all that apply.

The nurse has completed medication education with a post -myocardial infarction (MI) client about nifedipine (Adalat) . The nurse evaluates the education as effective when the client makes which statement?

The client is being treated for angina. He asks the nurse if angina is the same thing as having a heart attack. What is the best response by the nurse? Select all that apply.

The nurse is providing care to a client who has experienced several episodes of angina. What is the primary outcome for this client?

The client says to the nurse "My doctor said I can't have fried chicken anymore because I have heart disease. I've eaten it all my life and am fine except for some indigestion lately." What is the best response by the nurse?

The client takes nitroglycerine (Nitrostat) for relief of occasional stable angina. The nurse would be most concerned about which statement made by the client?

The nurse is teaching a class on antianginal drugs to a group of clients who have experienced myocardial infarctions (MIs) . The nurse determines that learning has occurred when a client makes which statement?

The client receives reteplase (Retavase) intravenously (IV) . The nurse assesses the client for orientation and level of consciousness. The client's wife asks the nurse why this is being done. What does the nurse indicate as the reason for the assessment?

The nurse is preparing to administer nitroglycerine via the intravenous route. What must the nurse plan to do prior to administering this medication?

The client receives amlodipine (Norvasc) for treatment of angina. What is a primary assessment for the nurse?

The nurse has completed medication education with the client who is receiving nitroglycerine (Nitrostat) as therapy for angina. The nurse determines that teaching is effective when the client makes which statement?

The client is receiving diltiazem (Cardizem) and wants to know why he developed a headache after taking the medication. What is the best response by the nurse?

The nurse has completed medication education with the client who is receiving atenolol (Tenormin) . The nurse determines that teaching is effective when the client makes which statement?

The client in the emergency department experienced an acute myocardial infarction (MI) four hours ago. The nurse is administering reteplase (Retavase) intravenously (IV) . The client asks the nurse what is being done. What is the best response by the nurse?