Chemical reactions carried out by living systems depend on the ability of some organisms to capture and use atoms from nonliving sources in the environment.The specific subset of these reactions that break down nutrients in food can be described as

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Catabolic reactions break down larger molecules into smaller ones, releasing energy. This process is central to the breakdown of nutrients in food and the release of energy for use by the organism. Anabolic reactions, on the other hand, build larger molecules from smaller ones and require an input of energy. Metabolic and biosynthetic reactions are more general terms that refer to all chemical reactions occurring within living systems.

Chemical Reactions Carried Out by Living Systems Depend on the Ability