How are most eukaryotic transcription regulators able to affect transcription when their binding sites are far from the promoter?

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Eukaryotic transcription regulators are able to affect transcription when their binding sites are far from the promoter by looping out the intervening DNA between their binding site and the promoter. This brings the regulatory protein into close proximity with the RNA polymerase complex and allows for interaction and regulation of transcription. This looping out of DNA is facilitated by the formation of higher-order chromatin structures and the recruitment of additional proteins involved in chromatin remodeling.

How Are Most Eukaryotic Transcription Regulators Able to Affect Transcription