Question 1

In reading Court decisions,Professor Wofford notices that the decisions typically discuss the "rational male." Wofford begins to write notes in which she ruminates about the notion of the rational male as well as why the concept of the rational female is not mentioned.Wofford's memos are:
A)code notes.
B)operational notes.
C)theoretical notes.
D)integrating memos.
E)all of these choices are true.

Accepted Answer

The memos are theoretical because Wofford is reflecting on the concept of the "rational male" and the absence of the concept of the "rational female." She is not making operational notes about how to apply the concept, nor is she integrating various sources or ideas. The memos are also not code notes, which would involve categorizing information, or integrating memos, which would involve synthesizing information from multiple sources.

Question 2

The grounded theory method begins with:
A)hypotheses.
B)patterns.
C)observations.
D)theory.
E)hypotheses or patterns or observations or theory;it does not matter.

Accepted Answer

The grounded theory method begins with observations of social phenomena or events to develop a theory that is grounded in the data. The researcher collects data through various methods such as interviews, surveys, observations, and literature reviews. Through systematic analysis, patterns and themes are identified, which eventually form the basis of a theory. Unlike traditional research, grounded theory does not begin with hypotheses or preconceived ideas.

Question 3

Which of the following statements is (are)TRUE?
A)Concept mapping is appropriate for qualitative analysis only.
B)Concept mapping can be used for either quantitative or qualitative analysis.
C)Concept mapping is appropriate for quantitative analysis only.
D)Computers cannot be used for qualitative research.
E)Memos should only be used in qualitative research.

Accepted Answer

Concept mapping can be used for either quantitative or qualitative analysis. It is a visual and graphical way to organize and analyze information, which can be applied to both types of research. The other statements are false.

Question 4

Which of the following is NOT a sign system used in semiotics?
A)Language
B)Music
C)Mathematics
D)Etiquette
E)All of these choices are sign systems

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed (Language, Music, Mathematics, and Etiquette) are considered sign systems in semiotics. Semiotics studies signs and symbols as elements of communicative behavior; these categories all use signs in some form to convey meaning.

Question 5

Professor Cay notes that respondent Mary Ginger is a 54-year-old grandmother who has two grandchildren living in her household.Neither of the grandchildren's parents live with them although Mary is the maternal grandmother.Cay also learns that Ginger had to quit her job in order to stay home with the young grandchildren because Ginger feared leaving the two youngsters with a baby-sitter or in child care.Two of Ginger's friends were dealing with similar situations and a third friend was considering whether to obtain custody of her grandchild.Thus,Cay learned that Ginger wasn't feeling "alone" in caring for her grandchildren.Using this information alone,it sounds like Professor Cay is doing:
A)a case-oriented nomothetic analysis.
B)a case-oriented idiographic analysis.
C)a variable-oriented nomothetic analysis.
D)a variable-oriented idiographic analysis.
E)a cross-case analysis.

Accepted Answer

Professor Cay is conducting a case-oriented idiographic analysis because they are focusing on the specific case of Mary Ginger and gathering detailed information about her and her situation. They are not simply looking at variables or trying to generalize findings to a larger population.

Question 6

Professor Dahl was using NVivo for an analysis of relationships.Dahl created a node called "friendship" and then created a node called "same-sex" and another node called opposite-sex" under "friendship." Dahl was creating:
A)nodes.
B)axial codes.
C)memoing.
D)concept mapping.
E)semiotic analysis.

Accepted Answer

Dahl was creating nodes, which are the basic units of analysis in NVivo.

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE of variable-oriented analysis?
A)It is similar to the idiographic model of explanation.
B)It assumes that the researcher can predict every individual's behavior.
C)It assumes that the researcher can explain whether a person's motivations are full.
D)It provides a partial overall explanation using a relatively few number of variables.
E)All of these choices are true.

Accepted Answer

Variable-oriented analysis provides a partial overall explanation using a relatively few number of variables. It does not assume that the researcher can predict every individual's behavior or explain whether a person's motivations are full, as these assumptions are more aligned with the idiographic model of explanation.

Question 8

Code notes are used to:
A)cover reflections about the dimensions of concepts.
B)cover relationships among concepts.
C)identify the code labels and their meanings.
D)discuss the deeper meanings of concepts.
E)all of these choice are true about code notes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Code notes are used to:
A)cover reflections about...

Question 9

Which of the following statements is most appropriate when discussing the grounded theory method?
A)It is similar to case-oriented analysis.
B)It is similar to variable-oriented analysis.
C)It is similar to cross-case analysis.
D)It is a deductive technique.
E)It requires significant preparation before beginning observations.

Accepted Answer

The grounded theory method is similar to cross-case analysis because it involves comparing and contrasting multiple cases or examples in order to develop a theory or explanation. It is different from variable-oriented analysis, which focuses on examining the relationships between specific variables, and from deductive techniques, which start with a preconceived hypothesis. While preparation may be important for any research method, the grounded theory approach involves being open to new insights and ideas that arise during the data collection and analysis process.

Question 10

The following exemplifies:
A)memoing.
B)concept mapping.
C)grounded theory.
D)semiotic analysis.
E)coding.

Accepted Answer

The description seems to suggest the process of creating a visual diagram linking related concepts. This is known as concept mapping.

Question 11

Which of the following statements is (are)FALSE regarding semiotic analysis?
A)There is no meaning inherent in any sign.
B)Language is the only sign system of interest to those doing semiotic analysis.
C)Meanings reside in minds.
D)Semiotics is concerned with our agreements about meanings.
E)All of these choices are true regarding semiotic analysis.

Accepted Answer

Semiotic analysis is not limited to language, but can also involve analysis of symbols, images, and other forms of communication. Therefore, statement B is false. The other statements are true.

Question 12

Computer software packages designed to analyze qualitative data includes all but which of the following:
A)Qualrus
B)Nvivo
C)SPSS
D)Ethnograph
E)MAXqda

Accepted Answer

SPSS is a statistical software package used for quantitative data analysis, not qualitative data analysis.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT one of the four stages of the constant comparative method?
A)Comparing incidents applicable to each category
B)Integrating categories and their properties
C)Delimiting the theory
D)Writing theory
E)All of these choices are stages in the constant comparative method.

Accepted Answer

All of these choices are stages in the constant comparative method. The four stages are comparing incidents applicable to each category, integrating categories and their properties, delimiting the theory, and writing theory.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT true for a qualitative researcher?
A)They use computers to record and store data.
B)They use computers to "find" or "search" text for passages containing key words.
C)They use computers to typing code words alongside passages in your notes so that they can later search for those keywords.
D)They use computers to analyze data.
E)They always use computers to conduct statistical analyses of the data.

Accepted Answer

Qualitative researchers do not typically use statistical analyses in their research, as their focus is on understanding subjective experiences and meanings, rather than quantifiable data. Therefore, the statement that they always use computers to conduct statistical analyses is not true. The other options (A, B, C, and D) are all common practices for qualitative researchers in their data management and analysis.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental assumption of conversation analysis?
A)Conversation is a socially structured activity.
B)Conversations include established rules of behavior.
C)Conversation must be understood contextually.
D)Same utterance should have the same meaning irrespective of the context.
E)All of these choices are fundamental assumptions of conversation analysis.

Accepted Answer

The fundamental assumption of conversation analysis is that same utterance can have different meanings based on the social context in which it is used. Therefore, option D, stating that the same utterance should have the same meaning irrespective of the context, is NOT a fundamental assumption of conversation analysis.

Question 16

When a researcher begins with a specific case or participant,and then applies those findings to subsequent participants in order to develop a theory,he or she is:
A)using deductive reasoning and nomothetic reasoning.
B)applying semiotics.
C)using grounded theory and nomothetic reasoning.
D)using a cross-case method approach and grounded theory.
E)using deductive reasoning and semiotics.

Accepted Answer

The researcher is using a cross-case method approach, starting with a specific case and developing a theory that can be applied to subsequent participants. This is also known as grounded theory. They are not using semiotics, which is a different method of analysis. Deductive reasoning may be involved to some degree, but it is not the primary method being used. Nomothetic reasoning may be involved in order to generalize findings to a larger population, but it is not the focus of the approach.

Question 17

Jeremy was born in 1948 and grew up during the 1960s.He was sent to Vietnam in 1967.In Vietnam he was horrified by what he saw,and when he returned home he suffered sleepless nights and nightmares.He began to work at a bank but often fell asleep during the day.He met Mary,another bank employee,in 1980 and they got married in 1981.They got divorced in 1983 as Mary could not keep up with Jeremy's nightmares,bouts of depression,and bouts with alcohol.After the divorce,Jeremy's depression increased which lead to the increase of his alcohol consumption.He was fired from his job later in 1983.An explanation for Jeremy's job loss could be termed as:
A)idiographic and case-oriented analysis.
B)idiographic and variable-oriented analysis.
C)nomothetic and case-oriented analysis.
D)nomothetic and variable-oriented analysis.
E)cannot tell from the given information.

Accepted Answer

The explanation for Jeremy's job loss is best described as idiographic and case-oriented analysis because it focuses on the unique, individual circumstances (idiographic) of Jeremy's life, including his personal experiences and the specific sequence of events (case-oriented) that led to his job loss.

Question 18

In the process of studying teenagers who play online role playing games,Professor Johnson began her analysis with an in-depth interview with one of her students.She then takes the information from this first interview and applies it to subsequent interviews.This would be an example of:
A)theory.
B)cross-case analysis.
C)semiotics.
D)cross-sectional analysis.
E)content analysis.

Accepted Answer

This is an example of cross-case analysis, where the initial interview provides a basis for understanding and analyzing subsequent interviews with similar participants.

Question 19

Michael is studying the pattern of volunteers at a local battered women's shelter.Specifically,he was following how college-age students first volunteer,then take on an internship,and then finally seek employment at the agency.What is Michael studying?
A)Frequencies
B)Causes
C)Processes
D)Structures
E)Magnitudes

Accepted Answer

Michael is studying the process of how individuals transition from being a volunteer to an intern and then seeking employment at the agency. This is a study of the steps or stages involved in this process, which relates to the concept of processes.

Question 20

Professor Wang wonders whether all grandparents act alike or whether there are different roles associated with grandparenting.According to Lofland et.al. ,Wang should focus on of the research in order to determine whether there are different types of grandparenting roles.
A)frequencies
B)causes
C)processes
D)structures
E)case-oriented analysis

Accepted Answer

The answer of Professor Wang wonders whether all grandparents act...

Quiz 13: Qualitative Data Analysis

In reading Court decisions,Professor Wofford notices that the decisions typically discuss the "rational male." Wofford begins to write notes in which she ruminates about the notion of the rational male as well as why the concept of the rational female is not mentioned.Wofford's memos are:

The grounded theory method begins with:

Which of the following statements is (are) TRUE?

Which of the following is NOT a sign system used in semiotics?

Professor Dahl was using NVivo for an analysis of relationships.Dahl created a node called "friendship" and then created a node called "same-sex" and another node called opposite-sex" under "friendship." Dahl was creating:

Which of the following is TRUE of variable-oriented analysis?

Code notes are used to:

Which of the following statements is most appropriate when discussing the grounded theory method?

The following exemplifies:

Which of the following statements is (are) FALSE regarding semiotic analysis?

Computer software packages designed to analyze qualitative data includes all but which of the following:

Which of the following is NOT one of the four stages of the constant comparative method?

Which of the following is NOT true for a qualitative researcher?

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental assumption of conversation analysis?

When a researcher begins with a specific case or participant,and then applies those findings to subsequent participants in order to develop a theory,he or she is:

In the process of studying teenagers who play online role playing games,Professor Johnson began her analysis with an in-depth interview with one of her students.She then takes the information from this first interview and applies it to subsequent interviews.This would be an example of:

Michael is studying the pattern of volunteers at a local battered women's shelter.Specifically,he was following how college-age students first volunteer,then take on an internship,and then finally seek employment at the agency.What is Michael studying?

Professor Wang wonders whether all grandparents act alike or whether there are different roles associated with grandparenting.According to Lofland et.al. ,Wang should focus on of the research in order to determine whether there are different types of grandparenting roles.